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Cauca
From Fensome et al., 2019:
Cauca, Davey and Verdier, 1971, p.14.
Taxonomic senior synonym: Hystrichodinium, according to Below (1981b, p.120–121) -- however, Lentin and Williams (1985, p.48) retained Cauca.
Type: Alberti, 1961, pl.9, fig.4, as Hystrichodinium parvum.
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Original description: [Davey and Verdier, 1971]:
Description:
Simple spherical to subspherical cyst without polar structures. Cingulum typically present; other tabulation, when present, defined by low crests. Spines long and simple. Archeopyle epitractal.
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Modified description:
Stover and Evitt, 1978, p. 202:
Synopsis:
Cysts skolochorate, acavate; body ovoidal to ellipsoidal with long simple processes; combination archeopyle, Type tAtP.
Description:
Shape: Body ellipsoidal to ovate; when the latter, narrow end is apical.
Wall relationships: Apparently two-layered; thin periphragm forms processes and is appressed to thicker endophragm; acavate.
Wall features: Low, possibly parasutural ridges present between processes. Processes long, simple, hollow, closed distally, and probably gonal. Periphragm smooth; endophragm smooth to finely tuberculate.
Paratabulation: Obscure, possibly defined by low parasutural ridges between processes; formula unknown.
Archeopyle: Combination epicystal archeopyle, Type tAtP; operculum free; constituent paraplates not delimited.
Paracingulum: Weakly to strongly marked by parallel transverse ridges located nearer the apical than the antapical end; epicyst noticeably smaller than hypocyst.
Parasulcus: Not indicated.
Size: Small to intermediate.
Affinities:
Cauca differs from Biorbifera in having widely separated, long, simple processes with rather numerous short projections. It differs Dorocysta in having a combination archeopyle rather than an apical one, and in having processes that are not confined to polar areas.
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Notes:
G.L. Williams short notes on species, Mesozoic-Cenozoic dinocyst course, Urbino, Italy, May 17-22, 1999 - LPP VIEWER CD-ROM 99.5.
Cauca Davey and Verdier, 1971. According to Davey and Verdier (1971, p.14), this is a simple, spherical to subspherical cyst without polar structures. Cingulum is typically present. Other tabulation, when present, defined by low crests. Spines long and simple. Archeopyle epitractal.
Cauca, Davey and Verdier, 1971, p.14.
Taxonomic senior synonym: Hystrichodinium, according to Below (1981b, p.120–121) -- however, Lentin and Williams (1985, p.48) retained Cauca.
Type: Alberti, 1961, pl.9, fig.4, as Hystrichodinium parvum.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Original description: [Davey and Verdier, 1971]:
Description:
Simple spherical to subspherical cyst without polar structures. Cingulum typically present; other tabulation, when present, defined by low crests. Spines long and simple. Archeopyle epitractal.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Modified description:
Stover and Evitt, 1978, p. 202:
Synopsis:
Cysts skolochorate, acavate; body ovoidal to ellipsoidal with long simple processes; combination archeopyle, Type tAtP.
Description:
Shape: Body ellipsoidal to ovate; when the latter, narrow end is apical.
Wall relationships: Apparently two-layered; thin periphragm forms processes and is appressed to thicker endophragm; acavate.
Wall features: Low, possibly parasutural ridges present between processes. Processes long, simple, hollow, closed distally, and probably gonal. Periphragm smooth; endophragm smooth to finely tuberculate.
Paratabulation: Obscure, possibly defined by low parasutural ridges between processes; formula unknown.
Archeopyle: Combination epicystal archeopyle, Type tAtP; operculum free; constituent paraplates not delimited.
Paracingulum: Weakly to strongly marked by parallel transverse ridges located nearer the apical than the antapical end; epicyst noticeably smaller than hypocyst.
Parasulcus: Not indicated.
Size: Small to intermediate.
Affinities:
Cauca differs from Biorbifera in having widely separated, long, simple processes with rather numerous short projections. It differs Dorocysta in having a combination archeopyle rather than an apical one, and in having processes that are not confined to polar areas.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Notes:
G.L. Williams short notes on species, Mesozoic-Cenozoic dinocyst course, Urbino, Italy, May 17-22, 1999 - LPP VIEWER CD-ROM 99.5.
Cauca Davey and Verdier, 1971. According to Davey and Verdier (1971, p.14), this is a simple, spherical to subspherical cyst without polar structures. Cingulum is typically present. Other tabulation, when present, defined by low crests. Spines long and simple. Archeopyle epitractal.