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Cyclapophysis
From Fensome et al., 2019:
"Cyclapophysis", Benson, 1976, p.182.
Taxonomic senior synonym: Disphaerogena, according to Sarjeant (1985b, p.140–141).
Taxonomic junior synonym: Plethysyrinx, according to Stover and Williams (1987, p.179).
Type: Benson, 1976, pl.1, figs.9–12, as Cyclapophysis monmouthensis.
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Original description: [Benson, 1976]:
Description:
Chorate cysts with precingular (Type P) archeopyle. Cyst main body spheroidal to sub-oval. Distinct apical and antapical protuberance of main cyst body well developed, surrounded by fibrous processes. Processes filamentous, plate centered. Precingular and postcingular processes bend toward cingulum with the tips fusing, forming an equatorial tunnel continuous around cyst main body with indistinct interruption in sulcal region. Tabulation reflected by processes of 4`, Oa, 6``, Oc, 6-7```, ?1p, 1````.
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Modified description:
Stover and Evitt, 1978, p. 150:
Synopsis:
Cysts chorate; body subspherical to ellipsoidal with single apical and antapical protrusions; paratabulation indicated by fibrous intratabular
processes; paracingular processes absent; precingular and postcingular processes connected distally by filamentous membrane, thereby forming a paracingular tunnel; archeopyle precingular, Type P.
Description:
Shape: Body subspherical to ellipsoidal with single apical and antapical protrusions (exclusive of processes).
Wall relationships: Cyst acavate, endophragm and periphragm appressed between processes.
Wall features: No parasutural features. Processes intratabular, fibrous, cylindrical to vasiform; precingular and postcingular processes connected distally by filamentous membrane to enclose paracingular tunnel. Periphragm fibrous and thinner than endophragm.
Paratabulation: Indicated by intratabular processes; gonyaulacacean, formula: 4`, Oa, 6``, Oc, 6-7```, ?1p, 1````.
Archeopyle: Precingular, Type P (3`` only); operculum free.
Paracingulum: Indicated by absence of processes; paracingular area covered by filamentous membrane.
Parasulcus: Not indicated.
Size: Large.
Affinities:
Cyclapophysis differs from Araneosphaera in having the precingular and postcingular processes connected distally, whereas in Araneosphaera, processes on the hypocyst are joined distally while those on the epicyst are not.
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Notes:
G.L. Williams short notes on species, Mesozoic-Cenozoic dinocyst course, Urbino, Italy, May 17-22, 1999 - LPP VIEWER CD-ROM 99.5.
Cyclapophysis Benson, 1976, is a chorate cyst with precingular archeopyle. Cyst body spheroidal to sub-oval. Distinct apical and antapical protuberance of cyst main body, surrounded by fibrous processes. Processes filamentous, intratabular. Precingular and postcingular processes bend toward cingulum with the tips fusing, forming an equatorial funnel continuous around the cyst body with indistinct interruption in the sulcal region.
"Cyclapophysis", Benson, 1976, p.182.
Taxonomic senior synonym: Disphaerogena, according to Sarjeant (1985b, p.140–141).
Taxonomic junior synonym: Plethysyrinx, according to Stover and Williams (1987, p.179).
Type: Benson, 1976, pl.1, figs.9–12, as Cyclapophysis monmouthensis.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Original description: [Benson, 1976]:
Description:
Chorate cysts with precingular (Type P) archeopyle. Cyst main body spheroidal to sub-oval. Distinct apical and antapical protuberance of main cyst body well developed, surrounded by fibrous processes. Processes filamentous, plate centered. Precingular and postcingular processes bend toward cingulum with the tips fusing, forming an equatorial tunnel continuous around cyst main body with indistinct interruption in sulcal region. Tabulation reflected by processes of 4`, Oa, 6``, Oc, 6-7```, ?1p, 1````.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Modified description:
Stover and Evitt, 1978, p. 150:
Synopsis:
Cysts chorate; body subspherical to ellipsoidal with single apical and antapical protrusions; paratabulation indicated by fibrous intratabular
processes; paracingular processes absent; precingular and postcingular processes connected distally by filamentous membrane, thereby forming a paracingular tunnel; archeopyle precingular, Type P.
Description:
Shape: Body subspherical to ellipsoidal with single apical and antapical protrusions (exclusive of processes).
Wall relationships: Cyst acavate, endophragm and periphragm appressed between processes.
Wall features: No parasutural features. Processes intratabular, fibrous, cylindrical to vasiform; precingular and postcingular processes connected distally by filamentous membrane to enclose paracingular tunnel. Periphragm fibrous and thinner than endophragm.
Paratabulation: Indicated by intratabular processes; gonyaulacacean, formula: 4`, Oa, 6``, Oc, 6-7```, ?1p, 1````.
Archeopyle: Precingular, Type P (3`` only); operculum free.
Paracingulum: Indicated by absence of processes; paracingular area covered by filamentous membrane.
Parasulcus: Not indicated.
Size: Large.
Affinities:
Cyclapophysis differs from Araneosphaera in having the precingular and postcingular processes connected distally, whereas in Araneosphaera, processes on the hypocyst are joined distally while those on the epicyst are not.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Notes:
G.L. Williams short notes on species, Mesozoic-Cenozoic dinocyst course, Urbino, Italy, May 17-22, 1999 - LPP VIEWER CD-ROM 99.5.
Cyclapophysis Benson, 1976, is a chorate cyst with precingular archeopyle. Cyst body spheroidal to sub-oval. Distinct apical and antapical protuberance of cyst main body, surrounded by fibrous processes. Processes filamentous, intratabular. Precingular and postcingular processes bend toward cingulum with the tips fusing, forming an equatorial funnel continuous around the cyst body with indistinct interruption in the sulcal region.