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Pseudokomewuia
From Williams et al., 2017:
[Pseudokomewuia, He Cheng-quan, 1980, p. 1-2
Chen et al. (1988, p.23) considered that this genus was not effectively published, because He Chengquan (1980) was distributed as a handout at the Fifth International Palynological Conference in 1980 at Cambridge, England. However, according to Jansonius in Lentin and Williams (1989, p.307–308), this distribution was sufficient to satisfy the requirements of the I.C.N. (although I.C.N. Article 30.1 may shed doubt on this assessment).
Type species: Pseudokomewuia laevigata, He Cheng-quan, 1980 (pl.1, fig.1)]
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Original description: [He Cheng-quan, 1980]:
Description:
Proximocavate dinoflagellate cysts, taroform, fusiform to rhomboidal in shape with one apical horn, with or without one antapical horn.
No cingulum, sulcus and tabulation, but often having one or two transverse folds at equatorial area, which may be a reflection of the cingulum. Wall thin, surface smooth, granular, reticulo-rugose. Inner body present (or not evident), which lies closely under periphragm, deviating only at the bases of horns.
Archeopyle, when present, apical. Operculum attached.
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Modified description:
Chen et al., 1988, p. 23-25:
Synopsis:
Cysts proximate, cornucavate, commonly folded; periphragm outline subcircular with an apical horn and may have an antapical horn as well; archeopyle apparently apical, operculum adnate; other indications of paratabulation absent.
Description:
Shape: Cyst outline essentially subcircular, apical horn present and an antapical horn may be present also; body possibly dorsoventrally compressed; horns generally short, inconspicuous to clearly evident.
Wall relationships: Cornucavate.
Wall features: Wall thin, commonly folded; surface smooth or ornamented with features of low relief.
Archeopyle: Stated as apical, operculum adnate; however, the trace of the archeopyle suture does not appear to be zigzag. The archeopyle might be combined apical and intercalary, perhaps similar to that of Bosedinia He Cheng-quan 1984.
Paratabulation: Not indicated, except possibly by the archeopyle.
Paracingulum: Not indicated, unless transverse folds in the equatorial region reflect the paracingulum.
Parasulcus: Not indicated.
Size: Intermediate, about 50 μm to 75 μm in length and 45 μm to 55 μm in width.
Remark:
This genus has two subgenera: Pseudokomewuia (Pseudokomewuia), which contains forms with an antapical horn, and Pseudokomewuia (Condocorpidia), which includes forms without an antapical horn.
Affinities:
Pseudokomewuia differs from Parabohaidina Sung Zhi-chen et al. 1978 emend. He Cheng-quan 1984 in being cavate. Other genera similar to Pseudokomewuia include Komewuia Cookson and Eisenack 1960 emend. Dörhöfer and Davies, 1980, emend. Chen, 1982.
[Pseudokomewuia, He Cheng-quan, 1980, p. 1-2
Chen et al. (1988, p.23) considered that this genus was not effectively published, because He Chengquan (1980) was distributed as a handout at the Fifth International Palynological Conference in 1980 at Cambridge, England. However, according to Jansonius in Lentin and Williams (1989, p.307–308), this distribution was sufficient to satisfy the requirements of the I.C.N. (although I.C.N. Article 30.1 may shed doubt on this assessment).
Type species: Pseudokomewuia laevigata, He Cheng-quan, 1980 (pl.1, fig.1)]
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Original description: [He Cheng-quan, 1980]:
Description:
Proximocavate dinoflagellate cysts, taroform, fusiform to rhomboidal in shape with one apical horn, with or without one antapical horn.
No cingulum, sulcus and tabulation, but often having one or two transverse folds at equatorial area, which may be a reflection of the cingulum. Wall thin, surface smooth, granular, reticulo-rugose. Inner body present (or not evident), which lies closely under periphragm, deviating only at the bases of horns.
Archeopyle, when present, apical. Operculum attached.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Modified description:
Chen et al., 1988, p. 23-25:
Synopsis:
Cysts proximate, cornucavate, commonly folded; periphragm outline subcircular with an apical horn and may have an antapical horn as well; archeopyle apparently apical, operculum adnate; other indications of paratabulation absent.
Description:
Shape: Cyst outline essentially subcircular, apical horn present and an antapical horn may be present also; body possibly dorsoventrally compressed; horns generally short, inconspicuous to clearly evident.
Wall relationships: Cornucavate.
Wall features: Wall thin, commonly folded; surface smooth or ornamented with features of low relief.
Archeopyle: Stated as apical, operculum adnate; however, the trace of the archeopyle suture does not appear to be zigzag. The archeopyle might be combined apical and intercalary, perhaps similar to that of Bosedinia He Cheng-quan 1984.
Paratabulation: Not indicated, except possibly by the archeopyle.
Paracingulum: Not indicated, unless transverse folds in the equatorial region reflect the paracingulum.
Parasulcus: Not indicated.
Size: Intermediate, about 50 μm to 75 μm in length and 45 μm to 55 μm in width.
Remark:
This genus has two subgenera: Pseudokomewuia (Pseudokomewuia), which contains forms with an antapical horn, and Pseudokomewuia (Condocorpidia), which includes forms without an antapical horn.
Affinities:
Pseudokomewuia differs from Parabohaidina Sung Zhi-chen et al. 1978 emend. He Cheng-quan 1984 in being cavate. Other genera similar to Pseudokomewuia include Komewuia Cookson and Eisenack 1960 emend. Dörhöfer and Davies, 1980, emend. Chen, 1982.