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Tanyosphaeridium
From Williams et al., 2017:
[Tanyosphaeridium, Davey and Williams, 1966, p. 98
Type species: Tanyosphaeridium variecalamus, Davey and Williams, 1966 (pl.6, fig.7)]
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Original description: [Davey and Williams, 1966]:
Diagnosis:
Chorate cysts with elongate central body composed of endophragm and periphragm, the latter also forming the processes. Processes cylindrical, open distally and arranged in more or less regular circular manner around central body. Number of processes variable, usually one or two (occasionally three) per plate area. Archeopyle apical.
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Modified description:
Stover and Evitt, 1978, p. 85:
Synopsis:
Cysts skolochorate, elongate ellipsoidal with nontabular or intratabular tubular processes; processes normally open and not interconnected distally; archaeopyle apical, Type (tA).
Description:
Shape: Elongate ellipsoidal
Wall relationships: Endophragm and periphragm appressed between processes, or autophragm only.
Wall features: No parasutural features. Nontabular and intratabular processes generally tubular, open and not connected distally; periphragm or autophragm between processes smooth or faintly ornamented.
Paratabulation: Indicated by: (1) archeopyle only, (2) archeopyle and paracingulum, or (3) archeopyle, paracingulum, and intratabular processes; probably gonyaulacacean.
Archeopyle: Apical, Type (tA), operculum free.
Paracingulum: Indicated by a transverse bandlike area devoid of processes, or by the transverse alignment of six paracingular processes; indications of paracingulum may be lacking.
Parasulcus: Not indicated.
Size: Small to large.
Affinities:
Tanyosphaeridium differs from Prolixosphaeridium in having processes that are normally open distally, and that tend to be longer than those on Prolixosphaeridium, relative to body width. On Tanyosphaeridium, the processes are not connected distally by trabeculae as on Peridictyocysta and are not complexly branched distally, as on Distatodinium.
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Notes:
G.L. Williams short notes on species, Mesozoic-Cenozoic dinocyst course, Urbino, Italy, May 17-22, 1999 - LPP VIEWER CD-ROM 99.5.
Tanyosphaeridium Davey and Williams, 1966b. Synopsis from Stover and Evitt (1978, p.85). Cysts skolochorate, elongate ellipsoidal with nontabular or intratabular tubular processes; processes normally open and not interconnected distally; archeopyle apical, type (tA).
[Tanyosphaeridium, Davey and Williams, 1966, p. 98
Type species: Tanyosphaeridium variecalamus, Davey and Williams, 1966 (pl.6, fig.7)]
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Original description: [Davey and Williams, 1966]:
Diagnosis:
Chorate cysts with elongate central body composed of endophragm and periphragm, the latter also forming the processes. Processes cylindrical, open distally and arranged in more or less regular circular manner around central body. Number of processes variable, usually one or two (occasionally three) per plate area. Archeopyle apical.
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Modified description:
Stover and Evitt, 1978, p. 85:
Synopsis:
Cysts skolochorate, elongate ellipsoidal with nontabular or intratabular tubular processes; processes normally open and not interconnected distally; archaeopyle apical, Type (tA).
Description:
Shape: Elongate ellipsoidal
Wall relationships: Endophragm and periphragm appressed between processes, or autophragm only.
Wall features: No parasutural features. Nontabular and intratabular processes generally tubular, open and not connected distally; periphragm or autophragm between processes smooth or faintly ornamented.
Paratabulation: Indicated by: (1) archeopyle only, (2) archeopyle and paracingulum, or (3) archeopyle, paracingulum, and intratabular processes; probably gonyaulacacean.
Archeopyle: Apical, Type (tA), operculum free.
Paracingulum: Indicated by a transverse bandlike area devoid of processes, or by the transverse alignment of six paracingular processes; indications of paracingulum may be lacking.
Parasulcus: Not indicated.
Size: Small to large.
Affinities:
Tanyosphaeridium differs from Prolixosphaeridium in having processes that are normally open distally, and that tend to be longer than those on Prolixosphaeridium, relative to body width. On Tanyosphaeridium, the processes are not connected distally by trabeculae as on Peridictyocysta and are not complexly branched distally, as on Distatodinium.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Notes:
G.L. Williams short notes on species, Mesozoic-Cenozoic dinocyst course, Urbino, Italy, May 17-22, 1999 - LPP VIEWER CD-ROM 99.5.
Tanyosphaeridium Davey and Williams, 1966b. Synopsis from Stover and Evitt (1978, p.85). Cysts skolochorate, elongate ellipsoidal with nontabular or intratabular tubular processes; processes normally open and not interconnected distally; archeopyle apical, type (tA).