Data plotted here is from DINOSTRAT, available via Zenodo: DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18375303. Please cite Bijl, 2022 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-579-2022 when using this data.

Distribution


Plots are based on the following information

FO/LO	Location	Taxon	Source	Calibration	Age (Ma)	Paleolatitude
LO	Rif	Spinidinium angustispinum	Slimani et al., 2016	0.9 in stage_Campanian	73.318	24.16
FO	Meer	Spinidinium angustispinum	Slimani et al., 2011	0.55 in stage_Campanian	77.336	42.476
FO	Austral Basin	Spinidinium argentinium	Pöthe de Baldis and Ramos, 1983	0 in stage_Aptian	121.4	-47.664
LO	Austral Basin	Spinidinium argentinium	Pöthe de Baldis and Ramos, 1983	0.5 in stage_Aptian	117.3	-47.224
FO	Australia synthesis	Spinidinium balmei	Cookson and Eisenack, 1962b	0 in stage_Cenomanian	100.5	-54.639
LO	Australia synthesis	Spinidinium balmei	Cookson and Eisenack, 1962b	1 in stage_Maastrichtian	66.04	-47.786
LO	Rif	Spinidinium balmei	Slimani et al., 2016	0.8 in stage_Campanian	74.466	24.24
FO	South Carolina	Spinidinium bellum	Lucas-Clark, 2006	0 in stage_Danian	66.04	32.392
LO	South Carolina	Spinidinium bellum	Lucas-Clark, 2006	1 in stage_Ypresian	48.07	30.825
LO	ODP 748	Spinidinium clavus	Mao Shaozhi and Mohr, 1992	0.1 in nan_n_CC23	75.493	-60.492
FO	ODP 748	Spinidinium clavus	Mao Shaozhi and Mohr, 1992	0 in nan_n_CC22	76.766	-60.43
LO	Viborg_1	Spinidinium clavus	Heilmann-Clausen, 1985	0.5 between 0 nan_n_NP4 1 nan_n_NP5	61.322	46.68
LO	Landana	Spinidinium clavus	Steeman et al., 2020	1 in plfor_B_P3b	60.758	-9.682
FO	Landana	Spinidinium clavus	Steeman et al., 2020	0.5 in plfor_B_P3b	61.138	-9.653
FO	Disko	Spinidinium clavus	Piasecki et al., 1992	0.5 in nan_n_NP5	60.317	56.582
FO	Meer	Spinidinium clavus	Slimani et al., 2011	0.55 in stage_Campanian	77.336	42.476
LO	Meer	Spinidinium clavus	Slimani et al., 2011	0.3 in stage_Maastrichtian	70.331	41.85
FO	Seymour Island	Spinidinium colemanii	Bowman et al., 2016	0 in stage_Danian	66.04	-66.318
FO	Seymour Island	Spinidinium colemanii	Wrenn and Hart, 1988	0 in stage_Lutetian	48.07	-68.089
LO	Seymour Island	Spinidinium colemanii	Wrenn and Hart, 1988	1 in stage_Bartonian	37.71	-67.398
FO	Meer	Spinidinium delicatum	Slimani and Louwye, 2013	0.75 in stage_Maastrichtian	67.573	41.604
LO	Meer	Spinidinium delicatum	Slimani and Louwye, 2013	1 in stage_Maastrichtian	66.04	41.467
LO	Scotian Margin	Spinidinium densispinatum	Fensome et al., 2008	0.75 between 1 nan_c_NC22 1 nan_n_NP8	60.166	36.961
FO	Mudurnu Basin	Spinidinium densispinatum	Açikalin et al., 2015	0.25 in plfor_B_P0	66.03	31.643
LO	Mudurnu Basin	Spinidinium densispinatum	Açikalin et al., 2015	0.2 in plfor_B_P1b	64.943	31.543
FO	North Sea Compilation	Spinidinium densispinatum	Powell, 1992	0.5 in plfor_B_P3a	61.926	42.438
LO	North Sea Compilation	Spinidinium densispinatum	Powell, 1992	0.9 in plfor_B_P3b	60.834	42.332
LO	Viborg_1	Spinidinium densispinatum	Heilmann-Clausen, 1985	0.33 between 0 nan_n_NP5 1 nan_n_NP8	59.938	46.58
LO	Gulf	Spinidinium densispinatum	Srivastava, 1995	1 in plfor_A_Dicarinella asymetrica	79.33	33.952
FO	Gulf	Spinidinium densispinatum	Srivastava, 1995	1 in plfor_A_Dicarinella concavata	85.6	34.415
LO	Rif	Spinidinium densispinatum	Slimani et al., 2016	0 in stage_Ypresian	56	23.56
LO	Landana	Spinidinium densispinatum	Steeman et al., 2020	1 in plfor_B_P4	57.101	-9.091
FO	Synthesis N Germany	Spinidinium densispinatum	Köthe, 2012	0.55 in nan_n_NP4	62.179	42.088
LO	Synthesis N Germany	Spinidinium densispinatum	Köthe, 2012	0.8 in nan_n_NP4	61.677	42.046
FO	El Kef	Spinidinium densispinatum	Guasti et al., 2005	0.9 in nan_n_NP1	65.734	21.812
FO	Hornby Island	Spinidinium densispinatum	McLachlan et al., 2018	0.7 in mag_C33n	75.911	55.836
FO	Meer	Spinidinium densispinatum	Slimani et al., 2011	0.67 in stage_Maastrichtian	68.063	41.647
FO	Hor Harar	Spinidinium densispinatum	Eshet et al., 1992	0 in plfor_B_P1c	63.925	13.786
FO	Austral Basin	Spinidinium denticulatum	Pöthe de Baldis and Ramos, 1983	0 in stage_Aptian	121.4	-47.664
LO	Austral Basin	Spinidinium denticulatum	Pöthe de Baldis and Ramos, 1983	0.5 in stage_Aptian	117.3	-47.224
LO	Stevns Klint	Spinidinium echinoideum	Surlyk et al., 2013	0.75 in nan_u_UC16d	73.147	46.187
FO	Stevns Klint	Spinidinium echinoideum	Surlyk et al., 2013	0 in nan_u_UC16c	77.563	46.593
LO	Viborg_1	Spinidinium echinoideum	Heilmann-Clausen, 1985	0.5 between 0 nan_n_NP4 1 nan_n_NP5	61.322	46.68
LO	East Kent	Spinidinium echinoideum	Prince et al., 2008	0.2 in amm_b_Placenticeras polyopsis	84.94	43.829
LO	Gulf	Spinidinium echinoideum	Srivastava, 1995	1 in plfor_A_Radotruncana calcarata	74.201	34.291
FO	Isle of Wright	Spinidinium echinoideum	Clarke and Verdier, 1967	0 in stage_Santonian	85.7	42.973
LO	Isle of Wright	Spinidinium echinoideum	Clarke and Verdier, 1967	1 in stage_Santonian	83.65	42.596
LO	Rif	Spinidinium echinoideum	Slimani et al., 2016	0.95 in stage_Campanian	72.744	24.121
LO	Landana	Spinidinium echinoideum	Steeman et al., 2020	1 in plfor_B_P4	57.101	-9.091
FO	Northeast Greenland	Spinidinium echinoideum	Nøhr-Hansen, 2025	0.44 in stage_Coniacian	87.766	58.174
FO	Hornby Island	Spinidinium echinoideum	McLachlan et al., 2018	0.85 in mag_C33n	75.056	55.936
FO	Hold With Hope	Spinidinium echinoideum	Nøhr-Hansen et al., 2019	0.33 in stage_Coniacian	88.172	58.714
FO	Marlborough	Spinidinium echinoideum	Schiøler and Wilson, 1998	0.9 in stage_Coniacian	86.069	-67.623
FO	Trunch borehole	Spinidinium echinoideum	Pearce et al., 2020	0.6 in amm_b_Paratexanites serratomarginatus	86.636	44.797
FO	Australia synthesis	Spinidinium echinoideum ssp. rhombicum	Cookson and Eisenack, 1974	0 in stage_Albian	113.2	-53.29
LO	Australia synthesis	Spinidinium echinoideum ssp. rhombicum	Cookson and Eisenack, 1974	1 in stage_Cenomanian	93.9	-55.275
FO	Bad tolz	Spinidinium eggeri	Kirsch, 1991	0.5 in stage_Santonian	84.675	35.054
LO	Bad tolz	Spinidinium eggeri	Kirsch, 1991	1 in stage_Santonian	83.65	35.209
FO	Australia synthesis	Spinidinium essoi	Cookson and Eisenack, 1967a	0 in stage_Thanetian	59.24	-46.368
LO	Australia synthesis	Spinidinium essoi	Cookson and Eisenack, 1967a	1 in stage_Thanetian	56	-45.002
FO	El Kef	Spinidinium essoi	Guasti et al., 2005	0.1 in nan_n_NP7	58.836	21.698
FO	Neuquen	Spinidinium irmoechinatum	Heisecke, 1970	0 in stage_Danian	66.04	-43.658
LO	Neuquen	Spinidinium irmoechinatum	Heisecke, 1970	1 in stage_Danian	61.66	-44.476
LO	ODP 748	Spinidinium lanterna	Mao Shaozhi and Mohr, 1992	0.8 in nan_n_CC22	76.036	-60.466
FO	ODP 748	Spinidinium lanterna	Mohr and Mao Shaozhi, 1997	0 in stage_Campanian	83.65	-60.249
LO	Gulf	Spinidinium lanterna	Srivastava, 1995	1 in plfor_A_Dicarinella asymetrica	79.33	33.952
FO	Gulf	Spinidinium lanterna	Srivastava, 1995	1 in plfor_A_Dicarinella concavata	85.6	34.415
FO	Omsk No. 8	Spinidinium lanterna	Lebedeva et al., 2013	0.2 in mag_C31r	71.015	51.584
LO	Omsk No. 8	Spinidinium lanterna	Lebedeva et al., 2013	0 in nan_n_CC25a	70.143	51.522
FO	Seymour Island	Spinidinium luciae	Wrenn and Hart, 1988	0 in stage_Lutetian	48.07	-68.089
LO	Seymour Island	Spinidinium luciae	Wrenn and Hart, 1988	1 in stage_Bartonian	37.71	-67.398
FO	mid-Waipara	Spinidinium macmurdoense	Crouch et al., 2020	1 in mag_C22n	48.878	-47.898
LO	ODP 1171	Spinidinium macmurdoense	Bijl et al., 2013	0 in mag_C17n	38.081	-61.896
FO	ODP 1172	Spinidinium macmurdoense	Bijl et al., 2013	0.25 in mag_C24r	56.301	-60.003
FO	Austral Basin	Spinidinium macmurdoense	Gonzalez-Estebenet et al., 2021	0.5 in nan_n_NP10	55.047	-57.954
FO	New Jersey	Spinidinium ornatum	May, 1980	0 in stage_Campanian	83.65	38.141
LO	New Jersey	Spinidinium ornatum	May, 1980	0.1 in stage_Maastrichtian	71.557	37.28
FO	DSDP 612	Spinidinium ornatum	Tocher, 1987	0 in plfor_B_Globotruncanella havanensis	75.056	37.707
LO	Landana	Spinidinium ovale	Steeman et al., 2020	1 in plfor_B_E1	55.851	-8.813
FO	Landana	Spinidinium ovale	Steeman et al., 2020	0.25 in plfor_B_P5	56.826	-9.029
FO	Niigata	Spinidinium pentagonum	Kurita, 2004	0 in stage_Priabonian	37.71	47.792
LO	Niigata	Spinidinium pentagonum	Kurita, 2004	1 in stage_Priabonian	33.9	47.303
LO	Rif	Spinidinium pilatum	Slimani et al., 2016	1 in stage_Danian	61.66	23.174
FO	Rif	Spinidinium pilatum	Slimani et al., 2016	0.5 in stage_Danian	63.85	23.444
LO	Rif	Spinidinium pilatum	Slimani et al., 2016	1 in stage_Danian	61.66	23.174
FO	Rif	Spinidinium pilatum	Slimani et al., 2016	0 in stage_Danian	66.04	23.658
FO	Meer	Spinidinium pilatum	Slimani et al., 2011	0.7 in stage_Maastrichtian	67.879	41.631
LO	Meer	Spinidinium pilatum	Slimani et al., 2011	0.5 in stage_Danian	63.85	41.268
FO	Maryland	Spinidinium pulchrum	Benson, 1976	0 in stage_Danian	66.04	36.549
LO	Maryland	Spinidinium pulchrum	Benson, 1976	1 in stage_Danian	61.66	36.039
FO	Neuquen	Spinidinium rallum	Heisecke, 1970	0 in stage_Danian	66.04	-43.658
LO	Neuquen	Spinidinium rallum	Heisecke, 1970	1 in stage_Danian	61.66	-44.476
FO	Southwest Dakota	Spinidinium rugosum	Stanley, 1965	0 in stage_Danian	66.04	49.156
LO	Southwest Dakota	Spinidinium rugosum	Stanley, 1965	1 in stage_Thanetian	56	46.679
FO	Gulf Coast	Spinidinium sagittula	Drugg, 1970b	0 in stage_Ypresian	56	29.766
LO	Gulf Coast	Spinidinium sagittula	Drugg, 1970b	1 in stage_Ypresian	48.07	29.524
FO	ODP 1172	Spinidinium schellenbergii	Bijl et al., 2021	0.33 in mag_C26r	61.274	-60.872
LO	ODP 1172	Spinidinium schellenbergii	Sluijs et al., 2009	1 in stage_Priabonian	33.9	-56.016
FO	Rif	Spinidinium stellatum	Soncini, 1992	0 in stage_Thanetian	59.24	23.081
LO	Rif	Spinidinium stellatum	Soncini, 1992	1 in stage_Ypresian	48.07	24.926
FO	Australia synthesis	Spinidinium styloniferum	Cookson and Eisenack, 1962b	0 in stage_Aptian	121.4	-53.796
LO	Australia synthesis	Spinidinium styloniferum	Cookson and Eisenack, 1962b	1 in stage_Albian	100.5	-54.639
FO	More Basin	Spinidinium sverdrupianum	Manum, 1963	0 in stage_Cenomanian	100.5	55.635
LO	More Basin	Spinidinium sverdrupianum	Manum, 1963	1 in stage_Cenomanian	93.9	56.195
LO	Arctic Basin	Spinidinium sverdrupianum	Williams et al., 2025	1 in stage_Coniacian	85.7	75.195
FO	Tarim Basin	Spinidinium tabulare	He Chengquan, 1991	0 in stage_Danian	66.04	36.871
LO	Tarim Basin	Spinidinium tabulare	He Chengquan, 1991	1 in stage_Thanetian	56	38.42
FO	Dongpu	Spinidinium taiwanianum	Shaw Chenglong, 1999b	0 in stage_Ypresian	56	30.254
LO	Dongpu	Spinidinium taiwanianum	Shaw Chenglong, 1999b	1 in stage_Priabonian	33.9	27.993
FO	Niigata	Spinidinium tripylum	Kurita, 2004	0 in stage_Chattian	27.29	46.485
LO	Niigata	Spinidinium tripylum	Kurita, 2004	1 in stage_Chattian	23.04	46.285
LO	ODP 748	Spinidinium uncinatum	Mao Shaozhi and Mohr, 1992	0.8 in nan_n_CC24	70.564	-60.735
FO	ODP 748	Spinidinium uncinatum	Mao Shaozhi and Mohr, 1992	0.8 in nan_n_CC22	76.036	-60.466
LO	Omsk No. 8	Spinidinium uncinatum	Lebedeva et al., 2013	0.5 in mag_C31r	70.361	51.537
FO	Omsk No. 8	Spinidinium uncinatum	Lebedeva et al., 2013	0.6 in mag_C33r	81.4	52.297
FO	Meer	Spinidinium uncinatum	Slimani et al., 2011	0.95 in stage_Campanian	72.744	42.066
LO	Meer	Spinidinium uncinatum	Slimani et al., 2011	0 in stage_Danian	66.04	41.467