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Phoberocysta neocomica
Phoberocysta neocomica (Gocht, 1957, p.172–178, pl.19, figs.1–5; pl.20, figs.1–7; text-figs.7–16) Millioud, 1969, p.432. Emendation: Helby, 1987, p.310–313, as Phoberocysta neocomica.
Originally Wetzeliella?, subsequently (and now) Phoberocysta, thirdly Muderongia. Poulsen (1996, p.59) retained this species in Phoberocysta.
Taxonomic junior synonym: Muderongia tomaszowensis, by implication in Monteil (1991b, p.477), who considered Muderongia tomaszowensis to be the senior name — however, this synonymy has not been generally followed.
Monteil in an Errata sheet accompanying Monteil, 1991 acknowledged this. Monteil, 1991 emended the diagnosis of Muderongia tomaszowensis; in the Errata sheet Monteil gave the citation: 'Muderongia neocomica Gocht 1957 comb. nov. and emend." This combination is not validly published since Monteil did not fully reference the basionym and the Errata sheet does not constitute effective publication (I.C.B.N. Article 29). Monteil, 1991 also listed in synonymy with Muderongia tomaszowensis the following taxa: Phoberocysta neocomica ssp. circulata (Gocht, 1957) Lentin and Williams, 1973; Phoberocysta neocomica ssp. cruciformis (Gocht, 1957) Lentin and Williams, 1973; and Phoberocysta neocomica ssp. dedecosa (Gocht, 1957) Lentin and Williams, 1973. In this index we are assuming that Monteil, 1991 intended to treat all three subspecies as tax. jr. synonyms of the autonym Phoberocysta neocomica ssp. neocomica.
Holotype: Gocht, 1957, pl.19, fig.1; text-fig.7.
Locus typicus: Ruehlertwist, Emsland, NW Germany
Stratum typicum: Hauterivian
Translation Gocht, 1957: LPP
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G.L. Williams short notes on species, Mesozoic-Cenozoic dinocyst course, Urbino, Italy, May 17-22, 1999 - LPP VIEWER CD-ROM 99.5.
Phoberocysta neocomica (Gocht, 1957) Millioud, 1969, emend. Helby, 1987. According to Helby (1987), Phoberocysta neocomica has a rhomboidal outline with prominent apical horn, cingular horns, left antapical horn and a periphragm bulge of variable size in area of right horn. Cingular horns formed from pre-, cingular and postcingular plates, often inclined posteriorly. Endocyst rhomboidal, usually closely appressed over most of its length to pericyst. Periphragm may be smooth, finely granulate, scabrate or perforate and bearing large solid capitate spines (up to 15 µm long) generally with small spinules. Spines generally gonal and parasutural, occasionally intratabular. Spinules (0.5-1 µm) concentrated at the distal extremities of large spines and horns or may occur as scattered intratabular groups, or may be aligned parasuturally. Paratabulation 4', 0a, 6", ?6c, 6"’, 1p, 1"”. Parasulcal notch of apical archeopyle offset. Paracingulum expressed on horns as a concavity. Size: holotype, length 118 µm, width 97 µm, apical horn 28 µm, antapical horn 28 µm, left lateral horn 17 µm, right lateral horn 25 µm, endocyst 62 by 55 µm. Note the subspecies N.neocomica cruciformis, N.neocomica ovalis, N.neocomica dedecosa, N.neocomica pteridia. N.neocomica circulata, and N.neocomica convexa, all of which were included in synonymy with N.neocomica subsp neocomica by Monteil (1991b).
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Original description: Gocht, 1957, p. 172-176: Wetzeliella ?neocomica.
Diagnosis: Shell flattened, extremely variable in shape, generally more or less 4-5 sided, delicate. Closed edge rare; Shell all around mostly developing into bilayered and exteriorly closed projections, which may be located at several levels, but which are essentially limited to the region of the outer margin. Among them, an apical horn, two lateral horns, and an antapical horn may often be clearly distinguished. Projections and horns often provided with pointed, blunt or trumpet shaped, flat protruberances or processes, which almost exclusively stand along the outline, and rarely on the surface. On the front and back sides projections or processes are sporadic. Along the margins of the apical and antapical horns, the protruberancesare are often arranged alternatively. Lateral horns mostly slightly squat, broad-based, sometimes slightly bent, giving rise to a slightly V-shaped cross-section.
Projections and processes may be considerably reduced or extremely enlarged, as well as the horns, which may also partly be missing or be unrecognizable as such.
Exceptionally, denticulate ridges or indications of a transverse furrow occur on the shell.
Inner body delicate, with a more or less oval outline.
Emended description: Helby, 1987, p. 310-313
Proximochorate cyst, outline rhomboidal with a prominent apical horn, cingular horns, left antapical horn and a periphragm bulge of variable size constituting a right antapical horn. Cingular horns variably developed, usually expressed as stout lateral bosses. Each cingular horn consisting of parts of 2 modified paraplates from each of the precingular and postcingular series and a cingular paraplate (2c) on the left and 2 cingular paraplates (4c and 5c) on the right.Posterior surface of the lateral tip of the horns, comprising the lateral extension of the postcingular paraplates, often inclined posteriorly. Lateral edges of the cingular horns slope anteriorly towards the cyst, although parasutural ridges give it a distinctive notched appearance, often exaggerated by development of substantial gonal spines. Left antapical horn prominent, usually rounded at the distal end. Cyst 2-layered, cornucavate, but wall layers closely appressed over most of the dorsal and ventral surfaces. Endocyst rhomboidal with small protrusions at horn bases apart from the right antapical horn. Periphragm varying from smooth to finely granulate, scabrate and occasionally perforate. Periphragm bearing a variety of spines and spinules. Large, solid, capitate spines (tapered from a very broad base, and up to 15µm long), generally with small spinules.
Spines generally gonal and parasutural and only occasionally intratabular. Spinules (0.5-1µm high) concentrated at the distal extremities of large spines and horns (particularly the apical and antapical horns) or may occur as scattered intratabular groups, or may be aligned parasuturally. Endophragm usually granulate. Paratabulation indicated by archeopyle, by the location of gonal and intergonal spines and occasionally by less distinct parasutural features such as delicate differentiation of the periphragm (scabration). Paratabulation formula interpreted as 4', 0a, 6'', 6c(?), 6''', 1p, 1'''' (fig.15). Archeopyle apical, type [tA], principle archeopyle suture zigzag with parasulcal notch set off to left side. Paracingulum transverse feature across dorsal surface onto paracingular horns where it is evident as a distinct concavity (exaggerated by gonal spine development) at the lateral edge of the horns. Parasulcus sinous, offset from a midventral position on the hypocyst to a left ventral position on the epicyst. Parasulcal plates not well defined.
Originally Wetzeliella?, subsequently (and now) Phoberocysta, thirdly Muderongia. Poulsen (1996, p.59) retained this species in Phoberocysta.
Taxonomic junior synonym: Muderongia tomaszowensis, by implication in Monteil (1991b, p.477), who considered Muderongia tomaszowensis to be the senior name — however, this synonymy has not been generally followed.
Monteil in an Errata sheet accompanying Monteil, 1991 acknowledged this. Monteil, 1991 emended the diagnosis of Muderongia tomaszowensis; in the Errata sheet Monteil gave the citation: 'Muderongia neocomica Gocht 1957 comb. nov. and emend." This combination is not validly published since Monteil did not fully reference the basionym and the Errata sheet does not constitute effective publication (I.C.B.N. Article 29). Monteil, 1991 also listed in synonymy with Muderongia tomaszowensis the following taxa: Phoberocysta neocomica ssp. circulata (Gocht, 1957) Lentin and Williams, 1973; Phoberocysta neocomica ssp. cruciformis (Gocht, 1957) Lentin and Williams, 1973; and Phoberocysta neocomica ssp. dedecosa (Gocht, 1957) Lentin and Williams, 1973. In this index we are assuming that Monteil, 1991 intended to treat all three subspecies as tax. jr. synonyms of the autonym Phoberocysta neocomica ssp. neocomica.
Holotype: Gocht, 1957, pl.19, fig.1; text-fig.7.
Locus typicus: Ruehlertwist, Emsland, NW Germany
Stratum typicum: Hauterivian
Translation Gocht, 1957: LPP
--------------------------------------------------
G.L. Williams short notes on species, Mesozoic-Cenozoic dinocyst course, Urbino, Italy, May 17-22, 1999 - LPP VIEWER CD-ROM 99.5.
Phoberocysta neocomica (Gocht, 1957) Millioud, 1969, emend. Helby, 1987. According to Helby (1987), Phoberocysta neocomica has a rhomboidal outline with prominent apical horn, cingular horns, left antapical horn and a periphragm bulge of variable size in area of right horn. Cingular horns formed from pre-, cingular and postcingular plates, often inclined posteriorly. Endocyst rhomboidal, usually closely appressed over most of its length to pericyst. Periphragm may be smooth, finely granulate, scabrate or perforate and bearing large solid capitate spines (up to 15 µm long) generally with small spinules. Spines generally gonal and parasutural, occasionally intratabular. Spinules (0.5-1 µm) concentrated at the distal extremities of large spines and horns or may occur as scattered intratabular groups, or may be aligned parasuturally. Paratabulation 4', 0a, 6", ?6c, 6"’, 1p, 1"”. Parasulcal notch of apical archeopyle offset. Paracingulum expressed on horns as a concavity. Size: holotype, length 118 µm, width 97 µm, apical horn 28 µm, antapical horn 28 µm, left lateral horn 17 µm, right lateral horn 25 µm, endocyst 62 by 55 µm. Note the subspecies N.neocomica cruciformis, N.neocomica ovalis, N.neocomica dedecosa, N.neocomica pteridia. N.neocomica circulata, and N.neocomica convexa, all of which were included in synonymy with N.neocomica subsp neocomica by Monteil (1991b).
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Original description: Gocht, 1957, p. 172-176: Wetzeliella ?neocomica.
Diagnosis: Shell flattened, extremely variable in shape, generally more or less 4-5 sided, delicate. Closed edge rare; Shell all around mostly developing into bilayered and exteriorly closed projections, which may be located at several levels, but which are essentially limited to the region of the outer margin. Among them, an apical horn, two lateral horns, and an antapical horn may often be clearly distinguished. Projections and horns often provided with pointed, blunt or trumpet shaped, flat protruberances or processes, which almost exclusively stand along the outline, and rarely on the surface. On the front and back sides projections or processes are sporadic. Along the margins of the apical and antapical horns, the protruberancesare are often arranged alternatively. Lateral horns mostly slightly squat, broad-based, sometimes slightly bent, giving rise to a slightly V-shaped cross-section.
Projections and processes may be considerably reduced or extremely enlarged, as well as the horns, which may also partly be missing or be unrecognizable as such.
Exceptionally, denticulate ridges or indications of a transverse furrow occur on the shell.
Inner body delicate, with a more or less oval outline.
Emended description: Helby, 1987, p. 310-313
Proximochorate cyst, outline rhomboidal with a prominent apical horn, cingular horns, left antapical horn and a periphragm bulge of variable size constituting a right antapical horn. Cingular horns variably developed, usually expressed as stout lateral bosses. Each cingular horn consisting of parts of 2 modified paraplates from each of the precingular and postcingular series and a cingular paraplate (2c) on the left and 2 cingular paraplates (4c and 5c) on the right.Posterior surface of the lateral tip of the horns, comprising the lateral extension of the postcingular paraplates, often inclined posteriorly. Lateral edges of the cingular horns slope anteriorly towards the cyst, although parasutural ridges give it a distinctive notched appearance, often exaggerated by development of substantial gonal spines. Left antapical horn prominent, usually rounded at the distal end. Cyst 2-layered, cornucavate, but wall layers closely appressed over most of the dorsal and ventral surfaces. Endocyst rhomboidal with small protrusions at horn bases apart from the right antapical horn. Periphragm varying from smooth to finely granulate, scabrate and occasionally perforate. Periphragm bearing a variety of spines and spinules. Large, solid, capitate spines (tapered from a very broad base, and up to 15µm long), generally with small spinules.
Spines generally gonal and parasutural and only occasionally intratabular. Spinules (0.5-1µm high) concentrated at the distal extremities of large spines and horns (particularly the apical and antapical horns) or may occur as scattered intratabular groups, or may be aligned parasuturally. Endophragm usually granulate. Paratabulation indicated by archeopyle, by the location of gonal and intergonal spines and occasionally by less distinct parasutural features such as delicate differentiation of the periphragm (scabration). Paratabulation formula interpreted as 4', 0a, 6'', 6c(?), 6''', 1p, 1'''' (fig.15). Archeopyle apical, type [tA], principle archeopyle suture zigzag with parasulcal notch set off to left side. Paracingulum transverse feature across dorsal surface onto paracingular horns where it is evident as a distinct concavity (exaggerated by gonal spine development) at the lateral edge of the horns. Parasulcus sinous, offset from a midventral position on the hypocyst to a left ventral position on the epicyst. Parasulcal plates not well defined.