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Susadinium knertense
Susadinium knertense (Below, 1987) Lentin and Williams, 1989
Originally Dodekovia, subsequently (and now) Susadinium.
Holotype: Below, 1987, pl.16, fig.3-6,14,18
Locus typicus: Brentskardhaugen Bed, Eastern slope of Knerten Hill near DeGeerdalen, Spitsbergen
Stratum typicum: Toarcian
Translation Below, 1987: Translation Bureau, Secretary of State Canada, 1988, p. 287-290
Original description: Below, 1987a, p. 115-116: Dodekovia knertensis
Arrangement of vesicles/plates on the dinoflagellate amphiesma cop, pop, cap, 5", 3a, 7"", 7c, 5""", 2"""", as, z, y, ps; 1"""" and 2"""" located symmetrically on either side of the dorsoventral plane. Cystic habitat extremely variable, proximate, acavate, peridinoidal, elongate polyhedral, but can also be rectangular, biconical, pentagonal or oval, epicyst and hypocyst of approximately equal size separated by a broad, shallow or, especially dorsally, deeply indented, planar to weakly laevorotatory cingulum , equatioral cross section oval, reniform; size small; wall a uniformly densely granular to shagreen pedium, with low, finate ribs in some places; shape and size of areae indicated by intraareate or peniareate protrusions and eminences of variable height, cyst accordingly areate, partly areate, or nonareate; areation formula NR PR/cop, pop, cap, NR"/NR1", 2", 3", 4", 5", NRa/3a, NR""/7""-6"", NRc/Xc, NR"""/5""", NR""""/2"""", NRs/Xs; - cop very small, circular, shaped like a peg or a ring, pentagonal to horseshoe- shaped pop and small rhombic cap between 1"/5" and pop; - only 4 of 5 apicals are reflected, large VI 2" (VL), deltaform inverse-camerate 3" (DL), deltaform inverse-camerate 4" (DR), large VIII 5" (VR), - 3 anterior intercalaries, linteloid 1a (LDL), VI or VII 2a (D), inverse-camerate 3a (DR);
- 7 precingulars, anteriorly geniculate V-nE 1"" (VVL), anteriorly geniculate V-nE 2"" (LVL), anteriorly linear IV-nE 3"" (LDL), anteriorly geniculate V-nE 4"" (DDL), or anteriorly linear IV-nE 4"" with a heptagonal area 2a, anteriorly geniculate V-nE 5"" (DDR) with dorsal finis 4""/5", anteriorly geniculate V-nE 6"" (R), anteriorly linear IV-nE 7"" (VVR) only seldom connected with 1"; or anteriorly geniculate V-nE 1"", anteriorly geniculate V-nE 2"", anteriorly geniculate V-nE 3"", anteriorly geniculate V-nE 4"", anteriorly geniculate V-nE 5"" and anteriorly linear IV-nE 6""; - cingulum nonareate;
- 5 postcingulars, V-nE 1""" (VVL), posteriorly linear IV-nE 2""" (L), posteriorly geniculate V-nE 3""" (DDL), posteriorly linear IV-nE 4""" (DR), finis 3"""/4""" dorsal, posteriorly linear V-nE 5""" (VR); - large V 1"""" (L) and large V 2"""" (R) on either side of the antapex; sulcus nonareate; - archaeopyle anterior intercalary, 2a; - operculum monoareate, secate, opercular formula 2as.
Dimensions: Holotype: length 37 µm, breadth 27 µm, thickness 20 µm.
Affinities:
Below, 1987, p. 116: Dodekovia knertensis
The habit of this species is extremely variable, and varieties can be expressed only approximately in diagnosis. Variations with different outlines can be further changed by differently sized protrusions of the cyst wall forming nodules, ribs, humps, and platforms. These outgrowths may be rounded or sharply outlined.
Protuberances and platforms fringed with low finate borders giving them a very sharp-edges appearance are especially striking (Plate 16, Fig. 1, 2, 7, and 8; also Bjaerke, 1980, dinoflagellate C and D). Still other specimens are very rounded, with a gently wavy surface (Plate 16, Fig. 9-12). As in Reutlingia species, the positions of 3"" and 4"" vary. On most individuals, 4"" is located dorsally and borders with a linear finis on the archaeopyle 2a (Plate 16, Fig. 5, 7). The latter is deltaform heptagonal, i.e., it has contact with 2", 3", 1a and 3a, and borders posteriorly on 3"", 4"", and 5"". However, association 2077 contained also individuals with a fastigiate operculum 2a, i.e., with 2a posteriorly in contact only with 4"" and 5"". 4"" is then located DDL, 5"" DDR and the common finis dorsally (Plate 16, Fig. 15). Therefore also in this species, torsion of configuration of areae as well as in the shape of 3"", 4"" and 2a, with the two possibilities familiar from Heterocapsa.
Originally Dodekovia, subsequently (and now) Susadinium.
Holotype: Below, 1987, pl.16, fig.3-6,14,18
Locus typicus: Brentskardhaugen Bed, Eastern slope of Knerten Hill near DeGeerdalen, Spitsbergen
Stratum typicum: Toarcian
Translation Below, 1987: Translation Bureau, Secretary of State Canada, 1988, p. 287-290
Original description: Below, 1987a, p. 115-116: Dodekovia knertensis
Arrangement of vesicles/plates on the dinoflagellate amphiesma cop, pop, cap, 5", 3a, 7"", 7c, 5""", 2"""", as, z, y, ps; 1"""" and 2"""" located symmetrically on either side of the dorsoventral plane. Cystic habitat extremely variable, proximate, acavate, peridinoidal, elongate polyhedral, but can also be rectangular, biconical, pentagonal or oval, epicyst and hypocyst of approximately equal size separated by a broad, shallow or, especially dorsally, deeply indented, planar to weakly laevorotatory cingulum , equatioral cross section oval, reniform; size small; wall a uniformly densely granular to shagreen pedium, with low, finate ribs in some places; shape and size of areae indicated by intraareate or peniareate protrusions and eminences of variable height, cyst accordingly areate, partly areate, or nonareate; areation formula NR PR/cop, pop, cap, NR"/NR1", 2", 3", 4", 5", NRa/3a, NR""/7""-6"", NRc/Xc, NR"""/5""", NR""""/2"""", NRs/Xs; - cop very small, circular, shaped like a peg or a ring, pentagonal to horseshoe- shaped pop and small rhombic cap between 1"/5" and pop; - only 4 of 5 apicals are reflected, large VI 2" (VL), deltaform inverse-camerate 3" (DL), deltaform inverse-camerate 4" (DR), large VIII 5" (VR), - 3 anterior intercalaries, linteloid 1a (LDL), VI or VII 2a (D), inverse-camerate 3a (DR);
- 7 precingulars, anteriorly geniculate V-nE 1"" (VVL), anteriorly geniculate V-nE 2"" (LVL), anteriorly linear IV-nE 3"" (LDL), anteriorly geniculate V-nE 4"" (DDL), or anteriorly linear IV-nE 4"" with a heptagonal area 2a, anteriorly geniculate V-nE 5"" (DDR) with dorsal finis 4""/5", anteriorly geniculate V-nE 6"" (R), anteriorly linear IV-nE 7"" (VVR) only seldom connected with 1"; or anteriorly geniculate V-nE 1"", anteriorly geniculate V-nE 2"", anteriorly geniculate V-nE 3"", anteriorly geniculate V-nE 4"", anteriorly geniculate V-nE 5"" and anteriorly linear IV-nE 6""; - cingulum nonareate;
- 5 postcingulars, V-nE 1""" (VVL), posteriorly linear IV-nE 2""" (L), posteriorly geniculate V-nE 3""" (DDL), posteriorly linear IV-nE 4""" (DR), finis 3"""/4""" dorsal, posteriorly linear V-nE 5""" (VR); - large V 1"""" (L) and large V 2"""" (R) on either side of the antapex; sulcus nonareate; - archaeopyle anterior intercalary, 2a; - operculum monoareate, secate, opercular formula 2as.
Dimensions: Holotype: length 37 µm, breadth 27 µm, thickness 20 µm.
Affinities:
Below, 1987, p. 116: Dodekovia knertensis
The habit of this species is extremely variable, and varieties can be expressed only approximately in diagnosis. Variations with different outlines can be further changed by differently sized protrusions of the cyst wall forming nodules, ribs, humps, and platforms. These outgrowths may be rounded or sharply outlined.
Protuberances and platforms fringed with low finate borders giving them a very sharp-edges appearance are especially striking (Plate 16, Fig. 1, 2, 7, and 8; also Bjaerke, 1980, dinoflagellate C and D). Still other specimens are very rounded, with a gently wavy surface (Plate 16, Fig. 9-12). As in Reutlingia species, the positions of 3"" and 4"" vary. On most individuals, 4"" is located dorsally and borders with a linear finis on the archaeopyle 2a (Plate 16, Fig. 5, 7). The latter is deltaform heptagonal, i.e., it has contact with 2", 3", 1a and 3a, and borders posteriorly on 3"", 4"", and 5"". However, association 2077 contained also individuals with a fastigiate operculum 2a, i.e., with 2a posteriorly in contact only with 4"" and 5"". 4"" is then located DDL, 5"" DDR and the common finis dorsally (Plate 16, Fig. 15). Therefore also in this species, torsion of configuration of areae as well as in the shape of 3"", 4"" and 2a, with the two possibilities familiar from Heterocapsa.