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Phanerodinium squamosum
Phanerodinium squamosum Below, 1987
Now Fibradinium?. Originally Phanerodinium, subsequently (and now) Fibradinium?. In this index, we do not follow Marheinecke, 1992 who retained this species in Phanerodinium.
Holotype: Below, 1987, pl.11, figs.1,3-6; Fensome et al., 1993, p.1355, figs.1, 3-6
Locus typicus: Treue open pit mine, Helmstedt, Germany
Stratum typicum: Early Oligocene
Translation Below, 1987: Fensome et al., 1993
Original description: Below, 1987, p.54-55
Arrangement of vesicles/plates on the dinoflagellate amphiesma cop, pop, cap, 4", 4a, 7", 7c, 6""", 2"""", as, FM subdivided into several periflagellar platelets, ls, rs, ps; pentagonal 1"""" and hexagonal 2"""" partiform; omegaform ps very large; adelopore on suture 1"/4"; growth of plates gonyaulacoid.
Cyst form proximate, acavate, spheroidal to ovaloidal, hypocyst twice as long as the epicyst, equatorial section circular, size small; wall composed of thin pedium and spongy luxuria fused distally into a tegillum, surface glabrous, also with a few intraareate pits or pustules arranged diffusely or parallel to the finis, reflecting trichocyst pores; fines marked by deep furrows without luxuria or by limbi rising like bulges, areae also formed as scales and directly or inversely imitating, through their own overlapping, the overlapping of thecal plates; areation formula XPR/cop, pop, cap, 4", 4a, 7", 7c, 6""", 2"""", as, FM, Is, rs, ps; cop minute, circular, surrounded by an annular pop, small planate cap (V); 4 small apicals, steno VII 1" (V), VIII 2" (L), VIII 3" (R), steno V 4" (WR) with porichnion on finis 4"/1"; 4 small anterior intercalaries, caroidal la (DL), fastigiate 2a (D), deltaform inversecamerate 3a (DR), V 4a (RVR); 7 precingulars, anteriorly geniculate V-nE 1" (WL), anteriorly geniculate V-nE 2" (L), anteriorly geniculate V-nE 3" (DDL), anteriorly geniculate V-nE 4" (DDR), finis 3"/4" dorsal, anteriorly geniculate V-nE 5" (R), anteriorly geniculate V-nE 6"" (VR), small anteriorly geniculate V-nE 7" (WR); cingulum planispiral, level, heptapartite, lati 1c to 6c, isofastigiate 7c; 6 postcingulars, posteriorly linear V-nE 1""" (WL), posteriorly linear IV-nE 2""" (VL), posteriorly geniculate V-nE 3""" (DL), posteriorly linear IV-nE 4""" (DDR), posteriorly linear IV-nE 5""" (R), posteriorly linear V-nE 6""" (VR); 2 antapicals partiform, V 1"""" (VL), VI 2"""" (R); sulcus level, partite, small VI as, small oval FM often subdivided into very small areae, small V Is, small V rs, large omegaform V ps bulging gently into 2""""; archeopyle apical/anterior intercalary, PR + 1" + 2" + 3" + 4" + 1a + 2a + 3a + 4a; operculum foederate, adnate, general opercular formula (PR + 1" + 2" + 3" + 4" + 1a + 2a + 3a + 4a)[a].
Size: Holotype: length 36 µm, breadth 35 µm, thickness 35 µm.
Now Fibradinium?. Originally Phanerodinium, subsequently (and now) Fibradinium?. In this index, we do not follow Marheinecke, 1992 who retained this species in Phanerodinium.
Holotype: Below, 1987, pl.11, figs.1,3-6; Fensome et al., 1993, p.1355, figs.1, 3-6
Locus typicus: Treue open pit mine, Helmstedt, Germany
Stratum typicum: Early Oligocene
Translation Below, 1987: Fensome et al., 1993
Original description: Below, 1987, p.54-55
Arrangement of vesicles/plates on the dinoflagellate amphiesma cop, pop, cap, 4", 4a, 7", 7c, 6""", 2"""", as, FM subdivided into several periflagellar platelets, ls, rs, ps; pentagonal 1"""" and hexagonal 2"""" partiform; omegaform ps very large; adelopore on suture 1"/4"; growth of plates gonyaulacoid.
Cyst form proximate, acavate, spheroidal to ovaloidal, hypocyst twice as long as the epicyst, equatorial section circular, size small; wall composed of thin pedium and spongy luxuria fused distally into a tegillum, surface glabrous, also with a few intraareate pits or pustules arranged diffusely or parallel to the finis, reflecting trichocyst pores; fines marked by deep furrows without luxuria or by limbi rising like bulges, areae also formed as scales and directly or inversely imitating, through their own overlapping, the overlapping of thecal plates; areation formula XPR/cop, pop, cap, 4", 4a, 7", 7c, 6""", 2"""", as, FM, Is, rs, ps; cop minute, circular, surrounded by an annular pop, small planate cap (V); 4 small apicals, steno VII 1" (V), VIII 2" (L), VIII 3" (R), steno V 4" (WR) with porichnion on finis 4"/1"; 4 small anterior intercalaries, caroidal la (DL), fastigiate 2a (D), deltaform inversecamerate 3a (DR), V 4a (RVR); 7 precingulars, anteriorly geniculate V-nE 1" (WL), anteriorly geniculate V-nE 2" (L), anteriorly geniculate V-nE 3" (DDL), anteriorly geniculate V-nE 4" (DDR), finis 3"/4" dorsal, anteriorly geniculate V-nE 5" (R), anteriorly geniculate V-nE 6"" (VR), small anteriorly geniculate V-nE 7" (WR); cingulum planispiral, level, heptapartite, lati 1c to 6c, isofastigiate 7c; 6 postcingulars, posteriorly linear V-nE 1""" (WL), posteriorly linear IV-nE 2""" (VL), posteriorly geniculate V-nE 3""" (DL), posteriorly linear IV-nE 4""" (DDR), posteriorly linear IV-nE 5""" (R), posteriorly linear V-nE 6""" (VR); 2 antapicals partiform, V 1"""" (VL), VI 2"""" (R); sulcus level, partite, small VI as, small oval FM often subdivided into very small areae, small V Is, small V rs, large omegaform V ps bulging gently into 2""""; archeopyle apical/anterior intercalary, PR + 1" + 2" + 3" + 4" + 1a + 2a + 3a + 4a; operculum foederate, adnate, general opercular formula (PR + 1" + 2" + 3" + 4" + 1a + 2a + 3a + 4a)[a].
Size: Holotype: length 36 µm, breadth 35 µm, thickness 35 µm.