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Valvaeodinium stipulatum
From Fensome et al., 2019:
Valvaeodinium stipulatum (Wille and Gocht, 1979, p.237–238, figs.17a–b; fig.24, no.5; fig.28, nos.9–12) Below, 1987b, p.79. Emendation: Below, 1987b, p.79, as Valvaeodinium stipulatum. Holotype: Wille and Gocht, 1979, figs.17a–b; fig.28, nos.9–12. Originally Comparodinium, subsequently (and now) Valvaeodinium.
Locus typicus: Jebenhausen, Swabian Alb, S Germany
Stratum typicum: Early Pliensbachian
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Translation Wille and Gocht, 1979: LPP
Original diagnosis: Wille and Gocht, 1979, p. 237
Body ellipsoidal to oval. Wall thin, single-layered, without structure. The entire surface is set with slender, relatively short processes, which may be distally pointed or blunted. The process distribution is generally irregular; at best, a sutural arrangement of the elements is indicated at the cingulum and the anterior intercalary region. Occasionally a longitudianl arrangement of small thorns occurs.
Apical archaeopyle with two separate lids.
Dimensions: holotype length 32 µm, width 21 µm.
Affinities: Wille and Gocht, 1979, p. 238
C. stipulatum most resembles C. perpunctatum in the approximately regular distribution of sculptural elements. The latter species, however, has only short cones instead of thorns.
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Emended description: Below 1987b, p. 79
Arrangement of vesicles/plates on the dinoflagellate amphiesma PR, 4", la, 5"", 6c, 5""", 1"""", ns;growth of plates peridinoidal. Cyst habit proximate, acavate, ellipsoidal to ovaloidal, apically acuminate or rounded; size small; wall composed of firm pedium and luxuriate ornament, surface smooth, scabrate with densely or sparsely dis-tributed ornamentation of short baculi or short, oblate, distally capitate or rarely bifid or trifid, cylindrical spinules; appendages diffuse, or less often in peniareate rows or intraareate clusters or even finate; cyst surface correspondingly nonareate in most cases, very seldom areate with the Valvaeodinium pattern; areation NR PR/PR, NR"/4", NRa/la, NR""/5"", NRc/6c, NR"""/5""", NR""""/1"""", Nrs; archeopyle aPlcal/anterior intercalary, 3" + la; operculum solvate, secate, general opercular formula 3"s + las.
Remarks: The material is very constant with respect to its ellipsoidal to cylindrical habit and the shape of the surface elements within an assemblage. The dominant ornaments are those described as stubble by WILLE & GOCHT (1979), which I designate as baculi. The short, cylindrical processes are distally lopped, also evexate, less often capitate or even bifid and trifid. Sample 1276 bears individuals with a thickset habit and with processes grouped only intraareately (Plate 26, Fig. 8 and 14). The specimens from some samples C1095, 1113) are trimmed with very delicate, basally expanding, distally tapered and terminally distinctly branched spinules (Plate 26, Fig. 3-6, 17, 16). These specimens are differentiated as Valvaecdinium cf. stipulatum. One specimen from this Valvaeodinium cf. stipulatum assemblage (specimen S1-1113(K1)3/21, Plate 26, Fig. 1, 2, 7, 13) with appendages of considerably reduced height shows the areation clearly. Tubercles are densely arranged in peniareate rows, and less often inraareate. ALso, fines are sometimes marked directly by these tubercles. Accordingly, the reflection of thecal tabulation is subject to individual variation in this species.
Valvaeodinium stipulatum (Wille and Gocht, 1979, p.237–238, figs.17a–b; fig.24, no.5; fig.28, nos.9–12) Below, 1987b, p.79. Emendation: Below, 1987b, p.79, as Valvaeodinium stipulatum. Holotype: Wille and Gocht, 1979, figs.17a–b; fig.28, nos.9–12. Originally Comparodinium, subsequently (and now) Valvaeodinium.
Locus typicus: Jebenhausen, Swabian Alb, S Germany
Stratum typicum: Early Pliensbachian
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Translation Wille and Gocht, 1979: LPP
Original diagnosis: Wille and Gocht, 1979, p. 237
Body ellipsoidal to oval. Wall thin, single-layered, without structure. The entire surface is set with slender, relatively short processes, which may be distally pointed or blunted. The process distribution is generally irregular; at best, a sutural arrangement of the elements is indicated at the cingulum and the anterior intercalary region. Occasionally a longitudianl arrangement of small thorns occurs.
Apical archaeopyle with two separate lids.
Dimensions: holotype length 32 µm, width 21 µm.
Affinities: Wille and Gocht, 1979, p. 238
C. stipulatum most resembles C. perpunctatum in the approximately regular distribution of sculptural elements. The latter species, however, has only short cones instead of thorns.
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Emended description: Below 1987b, p. 79
Arrangement of vesicles/plates on the dinoflagellate amphiesma PR, 4", la, 5"", 6c, 5""", 1"""", ns;growth of plates peridinoidal. Cyst habit proximate, acavate, ellipsoidal to ovaloidal, apically acuminate or rounded; size small; wall composed of firm pedium and luxuriate ornament, surface smooth, scabrate with densely or sparsely dis-tributed ornamentation of short baculi or short, oblate, distally capitate or rarely bifid or trifid, cylindrical spinules; appendages diffuse, or less often in peniareate rows or intraareate clusters or even finate; cyst surface correspondingly nonareate in most cases, very seldom areate with the Valvaeodinium pattern; areation NR PR/PR, NR"/4", NRa/la, NR""/5"", NRc/6c, NR"""/5""", NR""""/1"""", Nrs; archeopyle aPlcal/anterior intercalary, 3" + la; operculum solvate, secate, general opercular formula 3"s + las.
Remarks: The material is very constant with respect to its ellipsoidal to cylindrical habit and the shape of the surface elements within an assemblage. The dominant ornaments are those described as stubble by WILLE & GOCHT (1979), which I designate as baculi. The short, cylindrical processes are distally lopped, also evexate, less often capitate or even bifid and trifid. Sample 1276 bears individuals with a thickset habit and with processes grouped only intraareately (Plate 26, Fig. 8 and 14). The specimens from some samples C1095, 1113) are trimmed with very delicate, basally expanding, distally tapered and terminally distinctly branched spinules (Plate 26, Fig. 3-6, 17, 16). These specimens are differentiated as Valvaecdinium cf. stipulatum. One specimen from this Valvaeodinium cf. stipulatum assemblage (specimen S1-1113(K1)3/21, Plate 26, Fig. 1, 2, 7, 13) with appendages of considerably reduced height shows the areation clearly. Tubercles are densely arranged in peniareate rows, and less often inraareate. ALso, fines are sometimes marked directly by these tubercles. Accordingly, the reflection of thecal tabulation is subject to individual variation in this species.