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Glaphyrocysta paupercula
Glaphyrocysta paupercula Liengjarern et al., 1980
Holotype: Liengjarern et al., 1980, pl.53, fig.3
Locus typicus: Bouldnor Cliff, Isle ot Wight, England
Stratum typicum: Early Oligocene
Original diagnosis: Liengjarern et al., 1980, p.483-484
Central body compressed, ambitus subcircular to quadrangular, with or without antapical indentation, Autophragm microgranular, finely reticulate. Processes developed along a peripheral band of varying width, leaving relatively prominent mid-dorsal and mid-ventral areas free. Processes solid, fibrous, simple or bifurrate. The processes may be isolated or arranged into linear, arcuate, soleate, or annular complexes. When in complexes the processes are joined by their expanded proximal parts; a few lateral (rarely distal) trabeculae may occur. The complexes have a ragged appearance distally. Processes from different complexes may be joined by basal ridge and/or medially by sparse trabeculae. Processes may be considerably reduced in number and in size.
Processes may occur on some or all of the paraplates 1"-4", 1"- 5" (rarely on 6"), 1"""-5""", 1p.v., 1"""".
The archeopyle is apical tetratabular, type [A]; the operculum may be free or remain attached. The archeopyle suture has a sulcal notch a little offset from the mid-body line.
Original description: Liengjarern et al., 1980, p.484
The central body is moderately to strongly compressed; the ambitus varies from subcircular to quadrangular, the antapex is rounded, somewhat indented or produced into one or two unequal lobes. The autophragm appears microgranular in optical section and is finely reticulate in surface view.
The processes are variable in number, size, and shape, and are developed along an amhital line of variable width. The mid-dorsal and especially the mid-ventral areas are free of ornament and relatively prominent. Individual processes, when well developed, are solid, slightly fibrous (most noticeable at and near the base), slender, simple or bifurcate.
The processes may be isolated, although some alignment may often be evident, or arranged into complexes on parts of the cyst. When in complexes, the processes are joined proximally by low ridges formed by their expanded bases; sparse ribbon-like trabeculae with smooth margins may also occur laterally, and only rarely distally. Processcs from different complexes may also be united proximally by ridges and laterally by sparse trabeculae. Process complexes are normally present and better defined on the apical, dorsal precingular, and antapical zones of the cyst.
All apical paraplates bear processes, normally arranged into four or three annular or soleate complexes; when four, two are smaller and tend to coalesce into a single elliptical complex. Linear to arcuate complexes may occul on the precingular paraplates 1" -5" (occasionally, processes occur on paraplate 6""). Towards the periphery of the dorsal face (2"" and 4"") the complexes may be soleate. On the ventral face, linear or somewhat arcuate complexes may be clear but sometimes the peripheral processes may coalesce with those irom postcingulalr paraplates and become part of a more or less continuous complex parallel to the ambitus, on the postcingular paraplates process complexes tend to lose definition and to form a number of lines running antero-posteriorly near the periphery of both dorsal and ventral faces. The posterior ventral processes may join in these lines or be separate as an arcuate complex. A soleate complex is frequently observable on paraplate 1"""".
These forms with more or less well-defined complexes of well-developed processes constitute one end of the range of variation observed in this species. The other end includes forms with some isolated processes reduced to simple spines scattered along the peripheral and dorsal precingular zones, tending to form two to four loosely defined lines parallel to the cyst ambitus. The variability between both extreme types is continuous in thc same asscmblagc and cannot be applied to further taxonomic division.
The archeopyle is apical, tetratabular; the opercula may be free or may remain in place. A rather shallow sulcal notch, relatively little offset from the mid-cyst line is observable on the archeopyle margin.
Dimensions. Holotype, central body length 50 Ám, breadth 59 Ám, maximum length of processes 10 Ám.
Range. Central body length 41(47.6)52 Ám, breadth 48(57.4)64 Ám, processes length (maximum) 6-20 Ám. Specimens measured--20.
Affinities:
Liengjarern et al., 1980, p.486: In the ragged distal appearance of the ornament, this species resembles Claphyrocysta divaricata (Williams and Downie 1966), but no process complexes are defined in the latter where the processes are united distally by trabeculae bearing free aculei and/or by perforated membranes in a more complex fashion than in C. paupercula.
C. paupercula also resembles C. intricata (Eaton 1976), C. texta (Bujak 1977), and C. microfenestrata (Bujak 1977), where individual process complexes may also be distinguished. However, the distal connections between processes in those species are always more complex than in C. paupercula, while the processes are rarely, if at all, united distally. C. paupercula may be a degenerate offshoot of this lineage.
Holotype: Liengjarern et al., 1980, pl.53, fig.3
Locus typicus: Bouldnor Cliff, Isle ot Wight, England
Stratum typicum: Early Oligocene
Original diagnosis: Liengjarern et al., 1980, p.483-484
Central body compressed, ambitus subcircular to quadrangular, with or without antapical indentation, Autophragm microgranular, finely reticulate. Processes developed along a peripheral band of varying width, leaving relatively prominent mid-dorsal and mid-ventral areas free. Processes solid, fibrous, simple or bifurrate. The processes may be isolated or arranged into linear, arcuate, soleate, or annular complexes. When in complexes the processes are joined by their expanded proximal parts; a few lateral (rarely distal) trabeculae may occur. The complexes have a ragged appearance distally. Processes from different complexes may be joined by basal ridge and/or medially by sparse trabeculae. Processes may be considerably reduced in number and in size.
Processes may occur on some or all of the paraplates 1"-4", 1"- 5" (rarely on 6"), 1"""-5""", 1p.v., 1"""".
The archeopyle is apical tetratabular, type [A]; the operculum may be free or remain attached. The archeopyle suture has a sulcal notch a little offset from the mid-body line.
Original description: Liengjarern et al., 1980, p.484
The central body is moderately to strongly compressed; the ambitus varies from subcircular to quadrangular, the antapex is rounded, somewhat indented or produced into one or two unequal lobes. The autophragm appears microgranular in optical section and is finely reticulate in surface view.
The processes are variable in number, size, and shape, and are developed along an amhital line of variable width. The mid-dorsal and especially the mid-ventral areas are free of ornament and relatively prominent. Individual processes, when well developed, are solid, slightly fibrous (most noticeable at and near the base), slender, simple or bifurcate.
The processes may be isolated, although some alignment may often be evident, or arranged into complexes on parts of the cyst. When in complexes, the processes are joined proximally by low ridges formed by their expanded bases; sparse ribbon-like trabeculae with smooth margins may also occur laterally, and only rarely distally. Processcs from different complexes may also be united proximally by ridges and laterally by sparse trabeculae. Process complexes are normally present and better defined on the apical, dorsal precingular, and antapical zones of the cyst.
All apical paraplates bear processes, normally arranged into four or three annular or soleate complexes; when four, two are smaller and tend to coalesce into a single elliptical complex. Linear to arcuate complexes may occul on the precingular paraplates 1" -5" (occasionally, processes occur on paraplate 6""). Towards the periphery of the dorsal face (2"" and 4"") the complexes may be soleate. On the ventral face, linear or somewhat arcuate complexes may be clear but sometimes the peripheral processes may coalesce with those irom postcingulalr paraplates and become part of a more or less continuous complex parallel to the ambitus, on the postcingular paraplates process complexes tend to lose definition and to form a number of lines running antero-posteriorly near the periphery of both dorsal and ventral faces. The posterior ventral processes may join in these lines or be separate as an arcuate complex. A soleate complex is frequently observable on paraplate 1"""".
These forms with more or less well-defined complexes of well-developed processes constitute one end of the range of variation observed in this species. The other end includes forms with some isolated processes reduced to simple spines scattered along the peripheral and dorsal precingular zones, tending to form two to four loosely defined lines parallel to the cyst ambitus. The variability between both extreme types is continuous in thc same asscmblagc and cannot be applied to further taxonomic division.
The archeopyle is apical, tetratabular; the opercula may be free or may remain in place. A rather shallow sulcal notch, relatively little offset from the mid-cyst line is observable on the archeopyle margin.
Dimensions. Holotype, central body length 50 Ám, breadth 59 Ám, maximum length of processes 10 Ám.
Range. Central body length 41(47.6)52 Ám, breadth 48(57.4)64 Ám, processes length (maximum) 6-20 Ám. Specimens measured--20.
Affinities:
Liengjarern et al., 1980, p.486: In the ragged distal appearance of the ornament, this species resembles Claphyrocysta divaricata (Williams and Downie 1966), but no process complexes are defined in the latter where the processes are united distally by trabeculae bearing free aculei and/or by perforated membranes in a more complex fashion than in C. paupercula.
C. paupercula also resembles C. intricata (Eaton 1976), C. texta (Bujak 1977), and C. microfenestrata (Bujak 1977), where individual process complexes may also be distinguished. However, the distal connections between processes in those species are always more complex than in C. paupercula, while the processes are rarely, if at all, united distally. C. paupercula may be a degenerate offshoot of this lineage.