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Saxodinium moorbergense
Saxodinium moorbergense Below, 1990, p.24-26, pl.3, figs.1-15; text-figs.6a-f.
Holotype: Below, 1990, pl.3, figs.6-10.
Age: Aalenian.
Contrary to the opinion of Lentin and Williams (1993, p.578), this name is validly published. Below (1987a, p.6) stated that, unless otherwise indicated, all the material is in his personal collection. Since Below (1987a, 1987b, 1990) are parts I to III of a single study, we agree with J. Jansonius (personal communication) that this statement refers to all three publications and thus that I.C.B.N. Article 37.5 does not apply to this name (see also the discussion on Article 37.5 in the Introduction).
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Original description (Below, 1990) (translated from German):
Saxodinium moorbergense n. gen. n. sp.
Plate 3, Figs. 1-15; Fig. 6
Derivatio nominis: after the Moorberg site near Sarstedt/Hannover.
Holotype: Specimen S4-1504(KO)2/7 (Plate 3, Figs. 6-10).
Locus typicus: Moorberg brickworks, Sarstedt/Hannover, Germany.
Stratum typicum: Aalenium, zone of Leioceras opalinum.
Description:
Vesicle/plate arrangement of the dinoflagellate Amphiesma cop, pop, cap, 4', 6'', 7c, 6'", 2"", as, FM, ls, rs, ps; 1' metasert; tegulation 4*, 0**, 5***, 2****, 7c, 4(*), 4(**), 3(***); growth of thecal plates in a gonyaulocoid manner;
Zygote cyst habitus proximal, acavate, approximately ovaloid, dorsoventrally flattened, epicyst smaller than hypocyst, coniform with a small apical horn, dextral and sinistral epicyst halves almost mirror-symmetrical to each other, antapex rounded, maximum diameter at the posterior cingulate margin; wall composed of pedium and thick, loosely spongy luxuria, mostly along the finis is regressed; nonareate to areate; areation scheme XPR, NR'/4', NR'' /6'', Xc/7c, NR'"/6'", NR''"/2"", Xs; PR undifferentiated; 4 apicals: small steno V1' (V) metasert, VII2' (L), VI3' (D) without contact to PR, VII4' (R); 6 precingulate: anterior geniculate V-nE 1'' (VVL), anterior geniculate V-nE2" (L), anterior linear IV-nE 3'' (DDL), anterior linear IV-nE 4'' (DR), anterior geniculate V-nE 5" (R), anterior geniculate V-nE 6'" (VVR); cingulum left-handed spiral, flat
dented, not divided or heptapartite with lati 1c to 6c and iso-fastigiater 7c; 6 postcingulates: posterior linear III-nE 1"' (VVL), posterior linear IV-nE 2'" (LVL), posterior geniculate V-nE 3'" (LDL), posterior linear IV-nE 4'" (D), posterior linear IV-nE 5'" (RDR), Posterior linear IV-nE 6"' (VVR); 2 antapics: V1''" to VL, hexagonal 2"" poleward or slightly sloping to R; sulcus slightly depressed, only anteriorly and posteriorly finate; archacopyle apical, PR + 2' + 3' + 4'; operculum foederate (partial) and solvate (partial), opercular plates secate.
Dimensions of the holotype:
Length 50 µm, width 41 µm, thickness 38 µm.
Note:
The extraordinary mirror symmetry of the dextral and sinistral epicyst halves was already mentioned in the genus diagnosis (see p. 23). The species' arrangement is usually easily recognizable by its fine, groove-shaped luxuria, which, however, may also be partially or completely filled with luxuriate fibers, thus rendering it unrecognizable. This applies to all specimens examined to date, and the exact arrangement therefore remains unknown. However, it is likely to be similar to that of Lotharingia maubengeii n. sp., which it resembles in all other characteristics of arrangement and the shape of individual areas (recesses in the spongy luxuria for the cingulum and sulcus). The area contacts are:
PR (2', 4'),
1' (as, 1'', 2', 4', 6''),
2' (1", 2", 3', 4', PR, 1'),
3' (2'', 3'', 4'', 5'', 4', 2'),
4' (5'', 6'', 1', 2', PR, 3'),
1" (as, c, 2'', 2', 1'),
2" (c, 3", 3', 2', 1"),
3'' (c, 4'', 3', 2''),
4" (c, 5'', 3', 3"),
5' (c, 6'', 4', 3', 4''),
6'' (c, as, 1', 4', 5''),
as (c, 1", 1', 6''),
1'" (c, s, 1''", 2'"),
2'" (c, 1'", 1''", 3'"),
3'" (c, 2'", 1''", 2'"', 4'"),
4'" (c, 3"', 2"'', 5'"),
5'" (c, 4'", 2"", 6'''),
6"' (c, 5'", 2'"', s),
1"" (s, 2"", 3'", 2'", 1"'),
2"" (s, 1''", 3'", 4''', 5'", 6'").
Overlap direction and growth mode are not reflected. Based on the comparison with Lotbaringia maubengeii n.gen. n.sp., growth of the plates is assumed to be gonyaulacoid. The small I' is not involved in archacopyle formation. It is displaced far posteriorly, wedged between 6" and 1'" and does not protrude anteriorly from the level of the preccingular area ring.
Evidence:
Specimens 1108, 1503, 1504, 160.
Holotype: Below, 1990, pl.3, figs.6-10.
Age: Aalenian.
Contrary to the opinion of Lentin and Williams (1993, p.578), this name is validly published. Below (1987a, p.6) stated that, unless otherwise indicated, all the material is in his personal collection. Since Below (1987a, 1987b, 1990) are parts I to III of a single study, we agree with J. Jansonius (personal communication) that this statement refers to all three publications and thus that I.C.B.N. Article 37.5 does not apply to this name (see also the discussion on Article 37.5 in the Introduction).
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Original description (Below, 1990) (translated from German):
Saxodinium moorbergense n. gen. n. sp.
Plate 3, Figs. 1-15; Fig. 6
Derivatio nominis: after the Moorberg site near Sarstedt/Hannover.
Holotype: Specimen S4-1504(KO)2/7 (Plate 3, Figs. 6-10).
Locus typicus: Moorberg brickworks, Sarstedt/Hannover, Germany.
Stratum typicum: Aalenium, zone of Leioceras opalinum.
Description:
Vesicle/plate arrangement of the dinoflagellate Amphiesma cop, pop, cap, 4', 6'', 7c, 6'", 2"", as, FM, ls, rs, ps; 1' metasert; tegulation 4*, 0**, 5***, 2****, 7c, 4(*), 4(**), 3(***); growth of thecal plates in a gonyaulocoid manner;
Zygote cyst habitus proximal, acavate, approximately ovaloid, dorsoventrally flattened, epicyst smaller than hypocyst, coniform with a small apical horn, dextral and sinistral epicyst halves almost mirror-symmetrical to each other, antapex rounded, maximum diameter at the posterior cingulate margin; wall composed of pedium and thick, loosely spongy luxuria, mostly along the finis is regressed; nonareate to areate; areation scheme XPR, NR'/4', NR'' /6'', Xc/7c, NR'"/6'", NR''"/2"", Xs; PR undifferentiated; 4 apicals: small steno V1' (V) metasert, VII2' (L), VI3' (D) without contact to PR, VII4' (R); 6 precingulate: anterior geniculate V-nE 1'' (VVL), anterior geniculate V-nE2" (L), anterior linear IV-nE 3'' (DDL), anterior linear IV-nE 4'' (DR), anterior geniculate V-nE 5" (R), anterior geniculate V-nE 6'" (VVR); cingulum left-handed spiral, flat
dented, not divided or heptapartite with lati 1c to 6c and iso-fastigiater 7c; 6 postcingulates: posterior linear III-nE 1"' (VVL), posterior linear IV-nE 2'" (LVL), posterior geniculate V-nE 3'" (LDL), posterior linear IV-nE 4'" (D), posterior linear IV-nE 5'" (RDR), Posterior linear IV-nE 6"' (VVR); 2 antapics: V1''" to VL, hexagonal 2"" poleward or slightly sloping to R; sulcus slightly depressed, only anteriorly and posteriorly finate; archacopyle apical, PR + 2' + 3' + 4'; operculum foederate (partial) and solvate (partial), opercular plates secate.
Dimensions of the holotype:
Length 50 µm, width 41 µm, thickness 38 µm.
Note:
The extraordinary mirror symmetry of the dextral and sinistral epicyst halves was already mentioned in the genus diagnosis (see p. 23). The species' arrangement is usually easily recognizable by its fine, groove-shaped luxuria, which, however, may also be partially or completely filled with luxuriate fibers, thus rendering it unrecognizable. This applies to all specimens examined to date, and the exact arrangement therefore remains unknown. However, it is likely to be similar to that of Lotharingia maubengeii n. sp., which it resembles in all other characteristics of arrangement and the shape of individual areas (recesses in the spongy luxuria for the cingulum and sulcus). The area contacts are:
PR (2', 4'),
1' (as, 1'', 2', 4', 6''),
2' (1", 2", 3', 4', PR, 1'),
3' (2'', 3'', 4'', 5'', 4', 2'),
4' (5'', 6'', 1', 2', PR, 3'),
1" (as, c, 2'', 2', 1'),
2" (c, 3", 3', 2', 1"),
3'' (c, 4'', 3', 2''),
4" (c, 5'', 3', 3"),
5' (c, 6'', 4', 3', 4''),
6'' (c, as, 1', 4', 5''),
as (c, 1", 1', 6''),
1'" (c, s, 1''", 2'"),
2'" (c, 1'", 1''", 3'"),
3'" (c, 2'", 1''", 2'"', 4'"),
4'" (c, 3"', 2"'', 5'"),
5'" (c, 4'", 2"", 6'''),
6"' (c, 5'", 2'"', s),
1"" (s, 2"", 3'", 2'", 1"'),
2"" (s, 1''", 3'", 4''', 5'", 6'").
Overlap direction and growth mode are not reflected. Based on the comparison with Lotbaringia maubengeii n.gen. n.sp., growth of the plates is assumed to be gonyaulacoid. The small I' is not involved in archacopyle formation. It is displaced far posteriorly, wedged between 6" and 1'" and does not protrude anteriorly from the level of the preccingular area ring.
Evidence:
Specimens 1108, 1503, 1504, 160.