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Kaiwaradinium buccinatum
Kaiwaradinium buccinatum Wilson, 1978
Holotype: Wilson, 1978, figs.2A-B,3-5; Fensome et al., 1993a, figs.1-3 - p.993; Fauconnier and Masure, 2004, pl.50, fig.7.
Paratypes: Wilson, 1978
Locus typicus: Kaiwara Valley, c. 1.2 km E of Mt. Sandford Station, N Canterbury, New Zealand
Stratum typicum: Puaroan, Early Tithonian
Original diagnosis: Wilson, 1978, p.82
A Kaiwaradinium with a large, elongate central body (length / breadth ratio approximately 5:3), broadly rounded at the poles. Periphragm moderately thick, reticulate, sometimes sparsely granulate; endophragm moderately thick, relatively dense. Processes typically numbering 17, occasionally 18, buccinate with broad, open tips sometimes recurved, usually slightly scabrate with rare large perforations, occasionally striate; all processes located relatively near the poles, leaving a large central area of tract devoid of processes. Archeopyle broad, tetratabular, with zig-zag margin; operculum free and bearing four relatively short apical processes.
Original description: Wilson, 1978, p.82
The periphragm is moderately thick and irregularly reticulate (lacunae up to 5 Ám); rare granules, tubercles or spines (length up to 3 Ám) are usually present in addition. The endophragm is reticulate, relatively darkcoloured, and is closely attached to the periphragm of the central body. The large central body has broadly rounded poles and relatively straight sides. The hollow buccinate processes are reticulate, often somewhat striate, and in addition usually possess large perforations, spines, and tubercles; they are open distally, the flared terminal margin being normally smooth, occasionally irregular. The periphragm of the central body, in the region of the process bases, is often radially striate. Although the usual number of postcingular processes is five a few specimens have a small additional process on the ventral surface. The four apical processes are characteristically much shorter than other processes (length about 30% of mean average) and are less buccinate. A single posterior intercalary process is present and is typically much narrower than the other processes. A large area in the central part of the tract, occupying about 30% of the total length of the central body is devoid of processes and has no other surface features indicative of a paracingulum.
Size: Holotype (complete specimen): overall length 151 Ám, overall width 138 Ám, length of central body 107 Ám, breadth of central body 62 Ám, length of processes 14-58 Ám, width of processes proximally 6-22 Ám, width of processes distally 16-36 Ám. Range of 3 complete specimens: overall length 135-151 Ám, overall width 88-138 Ám, length of central body 96-107 Ám, width of central body, 55-63 Ám, length of processes 14-15 x 41-58 Ám. Range of 10 specimens with operculum removed: overall length 124(140)151 Ám, overall width 94(116)140 Ám, length of central body 80(90)99 Ám, breadth of central body 52(63)74 Ám, maximum length of processes 47(54)58 Ám.
Holotype: Wilson, 1978, figs.2A-B,3-5; Fensome et al., 1993a, figs.1-3 - p.993; Fauconnier and Masure, 2004, pl.50, fig.7.
Paratypes: Wilson, 1978
Locus typicus: Kaiwara Valley, c. 1.2 km E of Mt. Sandford Station, N Canterbury, New Zealand
Stratum typicum: Puaroan, Early Tithonian
Original diagnosis: Wilson, 1978, p.82
A Kaiwaradinium with a large, elongate central body (length / breadth ratio approximately 5:3), broadly rounded at the poles. Periphragm moderately thick, reticulate, sometimes sparsely granulate; endophragm moderately thick, relatively dense. Processes typically numbering 17, occasionally 18, buccinate with broad, open tips sometimes recurved, usually slightly scabrate with rare large perforations, occasionally striate; all processes located relatively near the poles, leaving a large central area of tract devoid of processes. Archeopyle broad, tetratabular, with zig-zag margin; operculum free and bearing four relatively short apical processes.
Original description: Wilson, 1978, p.82
The periphragm is moderately thick and irregularly reticulate (lacunae up to 5 Ám); rare granules, tubercles or spines (length up to 3 Ám) are usually present in addition. The endophragm is reticulate, relatively darkcoloured, and is closely attached to the periphragm of the central body. The large central body has broadly rounded poles and relatively straight sides. The hollow buccinate processes are reticulate, often somewhat striate, and in addition usually possess large perforations, spines, and tubercles; they are open distally, the flared terminal margin being normally smooth, occasionally irregular. The periphragm of the central body, in the region of the process bases, is often radially striate. Although the usual number of postcingular processes is five a few specimens have a small additional process on the ventral surface. The four apical processes are characteristically much shorter than other processes (length about 30% of mean average) and are less buccinate. A single posterior intercalary process is present and is typically much narrower than the other processes. A large area in the central part of the tract, occupying about 30% of the total length of the central body is devoid of processes and has no other surface features indicative of a paracingulum.
Size: Holotype (complete specimen): overall length 151 Ám, overall width 138 Ám, length of central body 107 Ám, breadth of central body 62 Ám, length of processes 14-58 Ám, width of processes proximally 6-22 Ám, width of processes distally 16-36 Ám. Range of 3 complete specimens: overall length 135-151 Ám, overall width 88-138 Ám, length of central body 96-107 Ám, width of central body, 55-63 Ám, length of processes 14-15 x 41-58 Ám. Range of 10 specimens with operculum removed: overall length 124(140)151 Ám, overall width 94(116)140 Ám, length of central body 80(90)99 Ám, breadth of central body 52(63)74 Ám, maximum length of processes 47(54)58 Ám.