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Hystrichosphaera pseudofurcata

Hystrichosphaera pseudofurcata (Klumpp, 1953, p.388, pl.16, figs.12–14) Gocht, 1969, p.32. Emendation: Sarjeant, 1981, p.108–109, as Spiniferites pseudofurcatus.

Combination illegitimate — senior homonym: Hystrichosphaera pseudofurcata Varma and Dangwal, 1964.
NOW Spiniferites. Originally Hystrichokibotium, subsequently Hystrichosphaera (combination illegitimate), thirdly (and now) Spiniferites.
Taxonomic senior synonym: Areoligera (as Hystrichosphaera, now Spiniferites) incerta, according to Morgenroth (1966a, p.15) — however, Sarjeant (1981, p.108–109) retained Hystrichokibotium (as and now Spiniferites) pseudofurcatum.
Taxonomic junior synonyms: Hystrichosphaera buccina, according to Lentin and Williams (1973, p.126); Hystrichosphaera tertiaria, according to Gocht (1969, p.32) and Sarjeant (1970, p.76).

Holotype: Klumpp, 1953, pl.16, figs.12,14; Sarjeant, 1981, pl.3, figs.1-2; text-fig.2
Age: Late Eocene
Translation Gocht, 1969: Geological Survey of Canada

Gocht, 1969, p.32,33:
Eisenack, 1965 and Morgenroth, 1966 re-examined Klumpp"s, 1953 types and had the impression that the specimens designated by Klumpp as Hystrichosphaera furcata, Hystrichokibotium pseudofurcatum, and Areoligera incerta were actually conspecific, but positioned differently on the slides. Although Klumpp"s originals are moderately well preserved, I agree, because the processes are alike. However, in my opinion, the name first given by Klumpp (pseudofurcatum) is valid; moreover, in that case the specimen which becomes the holotype now is better preserved (cf. Eisenack, 1965). In the Meckelfeld samples, H. pseudofurcata finds were usually scattered or less often, clustered. The study of these specimens and re-examinations of the finds from the Samland Early Tertiary led to a partial emendation of the description in Eisenack and Gocht, 1960. The epitheca has three apical fields. The first (1") is on the ventral side and abuts the upper edge of the sulcal field. The other two (2" and 3") occupy symmetrical locations on the dorsal
side, above the archeopyle. The ventral triangle, which appears to open into the cingulum (cf. Eisenack and Gocht, 1960), is usually distinctly differentiated from the longitudinal furrow, and thus forms a triangular precingular field (6"") which corresponds with that of H. ramosa. The cingulum ends below this field on the longitudinal furrow, i.e., the cingulum is not annular but helicoid. The cingulum is followed underneath by five postcingular fields, followed by the antapical field.
The ventral antapical field could not be studied accurately; however, below the first
postcingular field (1""") there is an accessory field 1 p. The sulcal field may also be
differentiated by delicate lines. The boundary line between the longitudinal furrow and 1" is not straight, but usually divided by a bend; this indicates that the ventral apical field, as in H. ramosa, is derived from two fields, but they are no longer separate. When the major differences compared to H. ramosa (absence of the triangular field 6"", annular cingulum) are set aside, the processes are left as the main diagnostic character. Given the good form constancy of the group, this is usually sufficient; however, as already emphasized, doubts can arise concerning individual specimens of Hystrichosphaera species. The same applies to the differentiation of this taxon from Achomosphaera alcicornu, which has a considerable range of variation and very similar processes. Also H. pseudofurcata varies, especially in the process length and in the type of capsular wall, which- particularly in higher samples- can be thickened and at the same time punctate
or granulate.
Occurrence: Early Eocene- Middle Oligocene.
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