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Hystrichosphaeridium machaerophorum
Hystrichosphaeridium machaerophorum Deflandre and Cookson, 1955
Now Lingulodinium. Originally Hystrichosphaeridium, subsequently Baltisphaeridium, thirdly (and now) Lingulodinium. See also Cleistosphaeridium (combination not validly published).
Tax. sr. synonym of Cleistosphaeridium disjunctum Davey et al., 1966, according to Reid, 1974.
Tax. sr. synonym of Hystrichosphaeridium redonense Morzadec-Kerfourn, 1966, according to Harland, 1977.
Tax. sr. synonym of Hystrichosphaeridium ashdodense Rossignol, 1962, according to Wall, 1967.
Possible tax. sr. synonym of Lingulodinium? pycnospinosum (Benedek, 1972) Stover and Evitt, 1978, according to Stover and Evitt, 1978.
Wall and Dale, 1968, and Matsuoka, 1985, considered this species to represent the encysted stage of Gonyaulax polyedra Stein, 1883.
Holotype: Deflandre and Cookson, 1955, pl.9, fig.4
Locus typicus: Birregurra, Victoria, Australia
Stratum typicum: Miocene
Original description: Deflandre and Cookson, 1955, p. 274
Shell globular, subsphaerical or ellipsoidal with a rigid membrane, more brittle than deformable, covered with numerous long, stiff, conical, pointed processes resembling the blade of a dagger. Surface of shell granular or punctate.
Dimensions: Diameter of shell 41-54 µm, length of spines 13-18 µm, overall diameter 64-74 µm.
The figured type represents an average form as regards the number of processes and their density. Examples with more widely spaced processes are rare; on the contrary specimens with more numerous and more densely arranged spines are relatively frequent. Generally most of the spines are stiff but sometimes they are somewhat flexible and recurved. The apices are very sharply pointed and often twisted in specimens mounted in Canada balsam.
Now Lingulodinium. Originally Hystrichosphaeridium, subsequently Baltisphaeridium, thirdly (and now) Lingulodinium. See also Cleistosphaeridium (combination not validly published).
Tax. sr. synonym of Cleistosphaeridium disjunctum Davey et al., 1966, according to Reid, 1974.
Tax. sr. synonym of Hystrichosphaeridium redonense Morzadec-Kerfourn, 1966, according to Harland, 1977.
Tax. sr. synonym of Hystrichosphaeridium ashdodense Rossignol, 1962, according to Wall, 1967.
Possible tax. sr. synonym of Lingulodinium? pycnospinosum (Benedek, 1972) Stover and Evitt, 1978, according to Stover and Evitt, 1978.
Wall and Dale, 1968, and Matsuoka, 1985, considered this species to represent the encysted stage of Gonyaulax polyedra Stein, 1883.
Holotype: Deflandre and Cookson, 1955, pl.9, fig.4
Locus typicus: Birregurra, Victoria, Australia
Stratum typicum: Miocene
Original description: Deflandre and Cookson, 1955, p. 274
Shell globular, subsphaerical or ellipsoidal with a rigid membrane, more brittle than deformable, covered with numerous long, stiff, conical, pointed processes resembling the blade of a dagger. Surface of shell granular or punctate.
Dimensions: Diameter of shell 41-54 µm, length of spines 13-18 µm, overall diameter 64-74 µm.
The figured type represents an average form as regards the number of processes and their density. Examples with more widely spaced processes are rare; on the contrary specimens with more numerous and more densely arranged spines are relatively frequent. Generally most of the spines are stiff but sometimes they are somewhat flexible and recurved. The apices are very sharply pointed and often twisted in specimens mounted in Canada balsam.