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Turbiosphaera filosa
From Fensome et al., 2019:
Turbiosphaera filosa (Wilson, 1967a, p.66, figs.2b,31–32,34) Archangelsky, 1969a, p.408–411.
Holotype: Wilson, 1967a, figs.2b,32.
Originally Cordosphaeridium, subsequently (and now) Turbiosphaera.
Locus typicus: Erratics near Minna Bluff, McMurdo Sound, Antarctica
Stratum typicum: Paleocene-Oligocene
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Original description Wilson, 1967, p.66: Cordosphaeridium filosum
Test bi- layered comprising fibrous outer cyst and smooth oval inner cyst. Outer cyst extended radially to form 20-24 broad, flat, non-tabular fibrous processes (l = 8-26µm. The longest and broadest being at the poles; processes of equatorial region about one half as long as polar processes; polar processes usually pointed, the other flat-tipped; ventral processes much smaller than those on dorsal surface. Laevorotatory transverse girdle clearly defined by whorl of 6-8 processes whose long, narrow bases are aligned parallel to the equator. Archaeopyle large, subrounded, precingular, located on dorsal epitheca.
Dimensions: Holotype l = 102 µm, b = 69 µm, dimensions of inner cyst (61x52) µm.
Range l = 96(107)138 µm, b = 69(81)96 µm (6 specimens)
Affinities: Wilson, 1967, p.66
C. filosum differs considerably from all other described species of Cordosphaeridium in the distribution, size and shape of the processes. Antarctic specimens are very similar to if not identical with the American Eocene forms described as Forma F by Evitt, 1961 who discussed the characteristic features of the species but gave no formal description. The genus Cordosphaeridium Eisenack had not been erected at the time of publication of Evitt's work. C. filosum was recorded as C. cf. inodes in the preliminary species list of McIntyre and Wilson, 1966.
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Emended description Archangelsky, 1968:
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Emended description Guerstein et al., 2023:
1968 Turbiosphaera filosa (Wilson) Archangelsky, p. 408–411.
Discussion: Wilson (1967, p. 66) noted that “C. filosum differs considerably from all other described species of Cordosphaeridium in the distribution, size, and shape of the processes”.
Emended description: Cysts chorate, central body subspheroidal to subovoidal, with two wall layers, a thick endophragm and a periphragm forming intratabular fibrous processes. The apical and antapical processes are longer than the precingular and postcingular processes, the antapical being the most prominent (longer and wider) process (Plate II, 9–12). The cingulum is represented by six smaller fibrous isolated processes that are rectangular in optical transversal section. The reflected tabulation corresponds to that of the genus Turbiosphaera. The reflected plate configuration indicates dextral torsion. Archaeopyle precingular, type P, formed by the loss of plate 3″; operculum free.
Dimensions: The specimens in the present study fit into the size ranges described by Wilson (1967).
Remarks: When Archangelsky (1968) erected the genus Turbiosphaera, he transferred Cordosphaeridium filosum to the new genus as type and provided an expanded description in Spanish. His expanded description encompassed the morphology of specimens that he found in the Río Turbio Formation, which we now attribute to Turbiosphaera archangelskyi. Thus, we emend the description of Turbiosphaera filosa to restrict it to the original features described by Wilson (1967), but with mention of the diagnostic cingular processes of Turbiosphaera.
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G.L. Williams short notes on species, Mesozoic-Cenozoic dinocyst course, Urbino, Italy, May 17-22, 1999 - LPP VIEWER CD-ROM 99.5.
Turbiosphaera filosa (Wilson, 1967a) Archangelsky, 1969a, has a fibrous periphragm with 20-24 broad, flat, non-tubular fibrous processes, 8-26 µm in length. The longest and broadest processes are at the poles, those at the equator are about half as long. Polar processes pointed, others usually flat-topped. Ventral processes much smaller than dorsal processes. Laevorotatory girdle defined by whorl of 6-8 processes whose long narrow bases are aligned parallel to the equator. This species is similar to Forma F of Evitt (1961). Size: 96-138 µm long, 69-96 µm broad
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Turbiosphaera filosa (Wilson, 1967a, p.66, figs.2b,31–32,34) Archangelsky, 1969a, p.408–411.
Holotype: Wilson, 1967a, figs.2b,32.
Originally Cordosphaeridium, subsequently (and now) Turbiosphaera.
Locus typicus: Erratics near Minna Bluff, McMurdo Sound, Antarctica
Stratum typicum: Paleocene-Oligocene
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Original description Wilson, 1967, p.66: Cordosphaeridium filosum
Test bi- layered comprising fibrous outer cyst and smooth oval inner cyst. Outer cyst extended radially to form 20-24 broad, flat, non-tabular fibrous processes (l = 8-26µm. The longest and broadest being at the poles; processes of equatorial region about one half as long as polar processes; polar processes usually pointed, the other flat-tipped; ventral processes much smaller than those on dorsal surface. Laevorotatory transverse girdle clearly defined by whorl of 6-8 processes whose long, narrow bases are aligned parallel to the equator. Archaeopyle large, subrounded, precingular, located on dorsal epitheca.
Dimensions: Holotype l = 102 µm, b = 69 µm, dimensions of inner cyst (61x52) µm.
Range l = 96(107)138 µm, b = 69(81)96 µm (6 specimens)
Affinities: Wilson, 1967, p.66
C. filosum differs considerably from all other described species of Cordosphaeridium in the distribution, size and shape of the processes. Antarctic specimens are very similar to if not identical with the American Eocene forms described as Forma F by Evitt, 1961 who discussed the characteristic features of the species but gave no formal description. The genus Cordosphaeridium Eisenack had not been erected at the time of publication of Evitt's work. C. filosum was recorded as C. cf. inodes in the preliminary species list of McIntyre and Wilson, 1966.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Emended description Archangelsky, 1968:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Emended description Guerstein et al., 2023:
1968 Turbiosphaera filosa (Wilson) Archangelsky, p. 408–411.
Discussion: Wilson (1967, p. 66) noted that “C. filosum differs considerably from all other described species of Cordosphaeridium in the distribution, size, and shape of the processes”.
Emended description: Cysts chorate, central body subspheroidal to subovoidal, with two wall layers, a thick endophragm and a periphragm forming intratabular fibrous processes. The apical and antapical processes are longer than the precingular and postcingular processes, the antapical being the most prominent (longer and wider) process (Plate II, 9–12). The cingulum is represented by six smaller fibrous isolated processes that are rectangular in optical transversal section. The reflected tabulation corresponds to that of the genus Turbiosphaera. The reflected plate configuration indicates dextral torsion. Archaeopyle precingular, type P, formed by the loss of plate 3″; operculum free.
Dimensions: The specimens in the present study fit into the size ranges described by Wilson (1967).
Remarks: When Archangelsky (1968) erected the genus Turbiosphaera, he transferred Cordosphaeridium filosum to the new genus as type and provided an expanded description in Spanish. His expanded description encompassed the morphology of specimens that he found in the Río Turbio Formation, which we now attribute to Turbiosphaera archangelskyi. Thus, we emend the description of Turbiosphaera filosa to restrict it to the original features described by Wilson (1967), but with mention of the diagnostic cingular processes of Turbiosphaera.
--------------------------------------------------
G.L. Williams short notes on species, Mesozoic-Cenozoic dinocyst course, Urbino, Italy, May 17-22, 1999 - LPP VIEWER CD-ROM 99.5.
Turbiosphaera filosa (Wilson, 1967a) Archangelsky, 1969a, has a fibrous periphragm with 20-24 broad, flat, non-tubular fibrous processes, 8-26 µm in length. The longest and broadest processes are at the poles, those at the equator are about half as long. Polar processes pointed, others usually flat-topped. Ventral processes much smaller than dorsal processes. Laevorotatory girdle defined by whorl of 6-8 processes whose long narrow bases are aligned parallel to the equator. This species is similar to Forma F of Evitt (1961). Size: 96-138 µm long, 69-96 µm broad
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