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Dracodinium eocaenicum
From Fensome et al., 2019:
Dracodinium eocaenicum (Agelopoulos, 1967, p.16–17, pl.2, figs.6–7; pl.3, figs.1–7) Williams et al., 2015, p.304. Holotype: Agelopoulos, 1967, pl.3, fig.4. Originally Wetzeliella, subsequently (and now) Dracodinium. Taxonomic junior synonym: Wetzeliella (subsequently Dracodinium) pachyderma, by implication in Caro (1973, p.365), who considered the name Wetzeliella eocaenica to be not effectively published; and according to Williams et al. (2015, p.304). Age: latest Ypresian.
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Original description: [Agelopoulos, 1967] (translated from German):
Wetzeliella (W) eocaenica n, sp.
Pl. 2, Fig. 6-7, Pl. 3, Fig. 1-7
Holotype: Prb. 45 No. 350 Pl. 3, Fig. 4
Paratypoids: Prb. 19 No. 232 and Prb. 33, No. 315, Pl. 3, Fig. 2, 6
Locus typicus: Heiligenhafen (Hohes Ufer)
Stratum typicum: Lower Eocene - Upper Eocene
Derivatio nominis: Reference to the find layer
Diagnosis: Inner body rounded to oval, quite coarse, reddish-brown in color, surrounded by a relatively thin outer shell. A narrow space exists between the inner capsule and the outer edge of the carapace. The antapical and lateral horns, as well as the apical horn, are faintly indicated. The front and back surfaces are covered with spines. A pylom below the apex is always present.
Description: The majority of specimens of this species are well preserved, allowing all structural details of the organisms to be observed. The inner body is round to oval, reddish-brown in color, thick-walled, and surrounded by an outer shell. The outer shell is delicate, transparent, and has a faint notch along its edge. The rounded opening located below the apex is always present. In some cases, it is closed by the operculum, although a small crack can sometimes be seen between the rest of the shell and the operculum (Plate 3, Figs. 4-7). Occasionally, the operculum has also been observed to have been completely detached and fallen into the interior. (Pt. 3, Fig. 8. 1) The apical and lateral horns, and occasionally the antapical horn, are very reduced and in some cases only faintly indicated. (Pt. 3, Fig. 6) The rounded to ovate inner capsule leaves a relatively narrow margin between itself and the outer edge of the shell. The surface of the shell bears bristles, which are forked at the end in varying lengths. The bristles are located not only on the edge of the outer shell, but also in the midfield, both on the back and front sides.
The overall habitus of Wetzeliella (W) eocaenica is reminiscent of Wetzeliella ovalis EISENACK 1954 p. 59. There are, however, differences between the two species. The edge of the outer shell in Wetzeliella ovalis is strongly serrated, whereas in Wetzeliella (W) eocaenica it is very weakly serrated. (Pt. 3, Figs. 5-6).
The distance between the inner capsule and the edge of the outer shell in Wetzeliella ovlis is much wider than in Wetzeliella (W) eocaenica.
In some cases, the distance is so minimal that one could say that the edge of the outer shell touches that of the inner capsule.
Dimensions of the holotype: length 102 μ, width 80 μ; length of the inner capsule 80 μ, width 67 μ. In the other specimens, the length varies between 80 and 106 μ, and the width between 70 and 99 μ. Length of the inner capsule 67 - 77 μ, width of the inner capsule 61 - 76 μ.
Material: Over 60 specimens
Occurrence: Early Eocene - Upper Eocene
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G.L. Williams short notes on species, Mesozoic-Cenozoic dinocyst course, Urbino, Italy, May 17-22, 1999
Wetzeliella eocaenica Agelopoulos, 1967, is a taxonomic senior synonym of Wetzeliella pachyderma Caro, 1973 (by implication in Caro, 1973, p.365), the diagnosis for which is: the outline is usually circular and the thickness of the endophragm is regular. The pericyst outline is similar except for the development of an apical horn. It is possible to distinguish very short cingular horns in some specimens. The archeopyle is in the apical part of the endophragm. The processes are fine, simple and distally bifurcate. They do not delineate the tabulation. Size: diameter 68-82 µm, thickness of endophragm 4 µm. Process length 8-10 µm, length of apical horn 8-10 µm.
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Dracodinium eocaenicum (Agelopoulos, 1967, p.16–17, pl.2, figs.6–7; pl.3, figs.1–7) Williams et al., 2015, p.304. Holotype: Agelopoulos, 1967, pl.3, fig.4. Originally Wetzeliella, subsequently (and now) Dracodinium. Taxonomic junior synonym: Wetzeliella (subsequently Dracodinium) pachyderma, by implication in Caro (1973, p.365), who considered the name Wetzeliella eocaenica to be not effectively published; and according to Williams et al. (2015, p.304). Age: latest Ypresian.
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Original description: [Agelopoulos, 1967] (translated from German):
Wetzeliella (W) eocaenica n, sp.
Pl. 2, Fig. 6-7, Pl. 3, Fig. 1-7
Holotype: Prb. 45 No. 350 Pl. 3, Fig. 4
Paratypoids: Prb. 19 No. 232 and Prb. 33, No. 315, Pl. 3, Fig. 2, 6
Locus typicus: Heiligenhafen (Hohes Ufer)
Stratum typicum: Lower Eocene - Upper Eocene
Derivatio nominis: Reference to the find layer
Diagnosis: Inner body rounded to oval, quite coarse, reddish-brown in color, surrounded by a relatively thin outer shell. A narrow space exists between the inner capsule and the outer edge of the carapace. The antapical and lateral horns, as well as the apical horn, are faintly indicated. The front and back surfaces are covered with spines. A pylom below the apex is always present.
Description: The majority of specimens of this species are well preserved, allowing all structural details of the organisms to be observed. The inner body is round to oval, reddish-brown in color, thick-walled, and surrounded by an outer shell. The outer shell is delicate, transparent, and has a faint notch along its edge. The rounded opening located below the apex is always present. In some cases, it is closed by the operculum, although a small crack can sometimes be seen between the rest of the shell and the operculum (Plate 3, Figs. 4-7). Occasionally, the operculum has also been observed to have been completely detached and fallen into the interior. (Pt. 3, Fig. 8. 1) The apical and lateral horns, and occasionally the antapical horn, are very reduced and in some cases only faintly indicated. (Pt. 3, Fig. 6) The rounded to ovate inner capsule leaves a relatively narrow margin between itself and the outer edge of the shell. The surface of the shell bears bristles, which are forked at the end in varying lengths. The bristles are located not only on the edge of the outer shell, but also in the midfield, both on the back and front sides.
The overall habitus of Wetzeliella (W) eocaenica is reminiscent of Wetzeliella ovalis EISENACK 1954 p. 59. There are, however, differences between the two species. The edge of the outer shell in Wetzeliella ovalis is strongly serrated, whereas in Wetzeliella (W) eocaenica it is very weakly serrated. (Pt. 3, Figs. 5-6).
The distance between the inner capsule and the edge of the outer shell in Wetzeliella ovlis is much wider than in Wetzeliella (W) eocaenica.
In some cases, the distance is so minimal that one could say that the edge of the outer shell touches that of the inner capsule.
Dimensions of the holotype: length 102 μ, width 80 μ; length of the inner capsule 80 μ, width 67 μ. In the other specimens, the length varies between 80 and 106 μ, and the width between 70 and 99 μ. Length of the inner capsule 67 - 77 μ, width of the inner capsule 61 - 76 μ.
Material: Over 60 specimens
Occurrence: Early Eocene - Upper Eocene
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G.L. Williams short notes on species, Mesozoic-Cenozoic dinocyst course, Urbino, Italy, May 17-22, 1999
Wetzeliella eocaenica Agelopoulos, 1967, is a taxonomic senior synonym of Wetzeliella pachyderma Caro, 1973 (by implication in Caro, 1973, p.365), the diagnosis for which is: the outline is usually circular and the thickness of the endophragm is regular. The pericyst outline is similar except for the development of an apical horn. It is possible to distinguish very short cingular horns in some specimens. The archeopyle is in the apical part of the endophragm. The processes are fine, simple and distally bifurcate. They do not delineate the tabulation. Size: diameter 68-82 µm, thickness of endophragm 4 µm. Process length 8-10 µm, length of apical horn 8-10 µm.
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