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Kaiwaradinium
From Williams et al., 2017:
[Kaiwaradinium, Wilson, 1978, p. 81-82
Type species: Kaiwaradinium buccinatum, Wilson, 1978 (figs.2A–B,3–5)]
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Original description: [Wilson, 1978]:
Description:
Chorate cysts with an elongate ovoidal central body.
Processes numbering 17 or 18, hollow, open or closed distally, intratabular, one process per plate-equivalent, distributed according to paratabulation 4`, 6", 5-6```, 1p, 1````.
Archeopyle apical, tetratabular.
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Modified description:
Stover and Williams, 1987, p. 133:
Synopsis:
Cysts skolochorate, body elongate-ellipsoidal and bears 17 or 18 hollow, intratabular processes; cingular processes absent; process-free area between pre- and postcingular processes relatively wide, archeopyle apical, type [4A].
Description:
Shape: Body elongate ellipsoidal.
Wall relationships: Endophragm and periphragm appressed between processes.
Wall features: No parasutural features; processes intratabular, scabrate to striate, hollow, expanded and open or closed distally; periphragm granulate to reticulate.
Archeopyle: Apical, type [4A]; principal archeopyle suture zigzag; operculum free.
Paratabulation: Indicated by archeopyle and by intratabular processes; formula: 4`, 6", 0c, 5-6```, 1p, 1````; apical processes shorter than the others.
Paracingulum: Position indicated by absence of processes.
Parasulcus: Not indicated.
Size: Large; length about 130 to 150 µm.
Affinities:
Kaiwaradinium differs from Oligosphaeridium Davey and Williams in Davey et al. 1966 emended Davey 1982 in having a more elongate body. The processes on Bourkidinium Morgan 1975 are confined to the polar areas and are not obviously related to paratabulation. Skolochorate species of Distatodinium Eaton 1976, Prolixosphaeridium Davey et al. 1966 emended Davey, 1969, and Tanyosphaeridium Davey and Williams in Davey et al. 1966 possess significantly more processes than Kaiwaradinium.
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Notes:
G.L. Williams short notes on species, Mesozoic-Cenozoic dinocyst course, Urbino, Italy, May 17-22, 1999 - LPP VIEWER CD-ROM 99.5.
Kaiwaradinium, Wilson, 1978, has an ovoidal central body, 17-18 processes, which are hollow and open or closed distally, and a process formula of 4`, 6", 5-6"' , 1p, 1"" .
[Kaiwaradinium, Wilson, 1978, p. 81-82
Type species: Kaiwaradinium buccinatum, Wilson, 1978 (figs.2A–B,3–5)]
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Original description: [Wilson, 1978]:
Description:
Chorate cysts with an elongate ovoidal central body.
Processes numbering 17 or 18, hollow, open or closed distally, intratabular, one process per plate-equivalent, distributed according to paratabulation 4`, 6", 5-6```, 1p, 1````.
Archeopyle apical, tetratabular.
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Modified description:
Stover and Williams, 1987, p. 133:
Synopsis:
Cysts skolochorate, body elongate-ellipsoidal and bears 17 or 18 hollow, intratabular processes; cingular processes absent; process-free area between pre- and postcingular processes relatively wide, archeopyle apical, type [4A].
Description:
Shape: Body elongate ellipsoidal.
Wall relationships: Endophragm and periphragm appressed between processes.
Wall features: No parasutural features; processes intratabular, scabrate to striate, hollow, expanded and open or closed distally; periphragm granulate to reticulate.
Archeopyle: Apical, type [4A]; principal archeopyle suture zigzag; operculum free.
Paratabulation: Indicated by archeopyle and by intratabular processes; formula: 4`, 6", 0c, 5-6```, 1p, 1````; apical processes shorter than the others.
Paracingulum: Position indicated by absence of processes.
Parasulcus: Not indicated.
Size: Large; length about 130 to 150 µm.
Affinities:
Kaiwaradinium differs from Oligosphaeridium Davey and Williams in Davey et al. 1966 emended Davey 1982 in having a more elongate body. The processes on Bourkidinium Morgan 1975 are confined to the polar areas and are not obviously related to paratabulation. Skolochorate species of Distatodinium Eaton 1976, Prolixosphaeridium Davey et al. 1966 emended Davey, 1969, and Tanyosphaeridium Davey and Williams in Davey et al. 1966 possess significantly more processes than Kaiwaradinium.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Notes:
G.L. Williams short notes on species, Mesozoic-Cenozoic dinocyst course, Urbino, Italy, May 17-22, 1999 - LPP VIEWER CD-ROM 99.5.
Kaiwaradinium, Wilson, 1978, has an ovoidal central body, 17-18 processes, which are hollow and open or closed distally, and a process formula of 4`, 6", 5-6"' , 1p, 1"" .