Data plotted here is from DINOSTRAT, available via Zenodo: DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18375303. Please cite Bijl, 2022 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-579-2022 when using this data.

Distribution


Plots are based on the following information

FO/LO	Location	Taxon	Source	Calibration	Age (Ma)	Paleolatitude
LO	Quercy	Mendicodinium brunneum	Bucefalo Palliani and Riding, 1997b	1 in amm_t_Grammoceras thouarsense	177.63	34.097
FO	Quercy	Mendicodinium brunneum	Bucefalo Palliani and Riding, 1997b	0.5 in amm_b_Pleuroceras spinatum	184.9	35.576
FO	Central Italy	Mendicodinium brunneum	Bucefalo Palliani and Riding, 2003	0 in amm_b_Pleuroceras spinatum	185.6	28.896
FO	Portugal	Mendicodinium brunneum	Bucefalo Palliani and Riding, 2003	0 in amm_b_Pleuroceras spinatum	185.6	31.638
FO	southern France	Mendicodinium brunneum	Bucefalo Palliani and Riding, 2003	0 in amm_b_Pleuroceras spinatum	185.6	36.463
FO	Greece	Mendicodinium brunneum	Bucefalo Palliani and Riding, 2003	0 in amm_b_Pleuroceras spinatum	185.6	37.718
FO	Alberta	Mendicodinium caperatum	Brideaux, 1977	0 in stage_Aptian	121.4	62.112
LO	Alberta	Mendicodinium caperatum	Brideaux, 1977	0.5 in stage_Albian	106.85	63.658
FO	Northwest Australia compilation	Mendicodinium echinatum	Riding et al., 2010	0 in stage_Toarcian	184.2	-31.87
LO	Northwest Australia compilation	Mendicodinium echinatum	Riding et al., 2010	0.25 in stage_Toarcian	181.825	-32.584
FO	Kachchh	Mendicodinium granulatum	Kumar, 1986b	0 in stage_Kimmeridgian	154.78	-27.03
LO	Kachchh	Mendicodinium granulatum	Kumar, 1986b	1 in stage_Tithonian	143.1	-33.727
LO	North Sea Compilation	Mendicodinium groenlandicum	Copestake and Partington, 2023	1 in amm_b_Quenstedtoceras lamberti	161.53	40.13
FO	North Sea Compilation	Mendicodinium groenlandicum	Copestake and Partington, 2023	0 in amm_b_Peltoceras athleta	162.91	40.098
FO	North Sea Compilation	Mendicodinium groenlandicum	Riding and Thomas, 1992	0 in amm_b_Procerites hodsoni	166.04	40.025
FO	Caucasus	Mendicodinium groenlandicum	Smelror and Lominadze, 1989	0 in amm_b_Kosmoceras jason	163.47	41.242
LO	Caucasus	Mendicodinium groenlandicum	Smelror and Lominadze, 1989	1 in amm_b_Kosmoceras jason	163.3	41.178
FO	Champagne	Mendicodinium groenlandicum	Fauconnier, 1995	0 in amm_b_Kosmoceras jason	163.47	37.373
LO	Champagne	Mendicodinium groenlandicum	Fauconnier, 1995	1 in amm_b_Perisphinctes pumilus	157.96	37.375
FO	Czestochowa	Mendicodinium groenlandicum	Poulsen, 1998	0.5 in amm_t_Hecticoceras retrocostatum	165.665	41.947
LO	Czestochowa	Mendicodinium groenlandicum	Poulsen, 1998	1 in amm_b_Sigaloceras calloviense	163.47	41.662
FO	Isle of Skye	Mendicodinium groenlandicum	Riding and Thomas, 1997	0.2 in amm_b_Macrocephalites herveyi	165.152	43.115
FO	Denmark synthesis	Mendicodinium groenlandicum	Bucefalo Palliani and Riding, 2003	0 in amm_b_Harpoceras serpentinum	183.16	48.824
FO	North Sea Coast	Mendicodinium groenlandicum	Riley and Fenton, 1982	0 in amm_b_Macrocephalites herveyi	165.29	36.475
LO	Haldager 1	Mendicodinium groenlandicum	Davey, 1982	0 in amm_b_Peregrinoceras albidum	137.81	43.819
LO	Milne Land	Mendicodinium groenlandicum	Smelror, 1988a	0.25 in amm_b_Cardioceras cordatum	159.52	50.992
FO	Milne Land	Mendicodinium groenlandicum	Smelror, 1988a	0.9 in amm_b_Sigaloceras calloviense	163.51	50.67
FO	Vega	Mendicodinium groenlandicum	Århus et al., 1989	0.2 in amm_b_Peltoceras athleta	162.818	53.557
LO	Boyarka	Mendicodinium groenlandicum	Shulgina et al., 1994	1 in amm_s_Hectoroceras kochi	137.59	68.85
FO	Boyarka	Mendicodinium groenlandicum	Shulgina et al., 1994	0.9 in amm_s_Hectoroceras kochi	137.823	68.907
FO	Cabo Mondego	Mendicodinium groenlandicum	Correia et al., 2019	0.8 in amm_t_Zigzagiceras zigzag	167.69	30.945
FO	Kong Karls Land	Mendicodinium groenlandicum	Smelror, 1988b	1 in amm_b_Peltoceras athleta	162.45	66.916
LO	Kong Karls Land	Mendicodinium groenlandicum	Smelror, 1988b	0.25 between 0 amm_b_Cardioceras cordatum 1 amm_b_Perisphinctes plicatilis	159.332	67.283
FO	Saxony	Mendicodinium kemperi	Heilmann-Clausen and Thomsen, 1995	0 in stage_Barremian	126.5	38.819
LO	Saxony	Mendicodinium kemperi	Heilmann-Clausen and Thomsen, 1995	0.5 in stage_Barremian	123.95	39.527
FO	Vienna	Mendicodinium mataschenense	Soliman et al., 2013	0 in stage_Tortonian	11.65	44.058
LO	Vienna	Mendicodinium mataschenense	Soliman et al., 2013	1 in stage_Tortonian	7.25	45.504
FO	Lusitanian Basin	Mendicodinium microcostatum	Correia et al., 2018	0.5 in amm_b_Harpoceras serpentinum	182.165	32.501
LO	Lusitanian Basin	Mendicodinium microcostatum	Correia et al., 2018	1 in amm_b_Harpoceras serpentinum	181.17	32.328
FO	Kachchh	Mendicodinium microreticulatum	Kumar, 1986b	0 in stage_Kimmeridgian	154.78	-27.03
LO	Kachchh	Mendicodinium microreticulatum	Kumar, 1986b	1 in stage_Tithonian	143.1	-33.727
LO	North Yorkshire	Mendicodinium microscabratum	Bucefalo Palliani and Riding, 2000	0.75 in amm_b_Harpoceras serpentinum	181.667	43.437
FO	North Yorkshire	Mendicodinium microscabratum	Bucefalo Palliani and Riding, 2000	1 in amm_b_Uptonia jamesoni	190.2	42.174
FO	Lusitanian Basin	Mendicodinium microscabratum	Correia et al., 2025a	0 in amm_b_Harpoceras serpentinum	183.16	32.357
LO	Lusitanian Basin	Mendicodinium microscabratum	Correia et al., 2025a	1 in amm_b_Grammoceras thouarsense	177.63	31.486
FO	Quercy	Mendicodinium microscabratum	Bucefalo Palliani and Riding, 1997b	0.5 in amm_b_Amaltheus margaritatus	186.8	35.483
LO	Quercy	Mendicodinium microscabratum	Bucefalo Palliani and Riding, 1997b	1 in amm_t_Grammoceras thouarsense	177.63	34.097
FO	Central Italy	Mendicodinium microscabratum	Bucefalo Palliani and Riding, 2003	0 in amm_b_Uptonia jamesoni	192.9	27.009
FO	Hungary synthesis	Mendicodinium microscabratum	Bucefalo Palliani and Riding, 2003	0 in amm_b_Uptonia jamesoni	192.9	32.996
FO	Portugal	Mendicodinium microscabratum	Bucefalo Palliani and Riding, 2003	0 in amm_b_Uptonia jamesoni	192.9	29.619
FO	southern France	Mendicodinium microscabratum	Bucefalo Palliani and Riding, 2003	0 in amm_b_Uptonia jamesoni	192.9	34.813
FO	Greece	Mendicodinium microscabratum	Bucefalo Palliani and Riding, 2003	0 in amm_b_Uptonia jamesoni	192.9	35.691
LO	ODP 1039	Mendicodinium reticulatum	Zegarra and Helenes, 2011	0.5 in stage_Langhian	14.905	8.197
FO	Arctic Basin	Mendicodinium reticulatum	Bujak et al., 2022	0 in amm_b_Asteroceras obtusum	196.37	67.232
LO	Arctic Basin	Mendicodinium reticulatum	Bujak et al., 2022	0 in stage_Bajocian	170.9	72.716
LO	Denmark synthesis	Mendicodinium reticulatum	Bucefalo Palliani and Riding, 2003	1 in amm_b_Pleuroceras spinatum	184.2	48.738
FO	Denmark synthesis	Mendicodinium reticulatum	Bucefalo Palliani and Riding, 2003	0 in amm_b_Uptonia jamesoni	192.9	46.716
LO	Marche	Mendicodinium robustum	Zevenboom, 1995	0.75 in mag_C4r	8.286	40.059
FO	Marche	Mendicodinium robustum	Zevenboom, 1995	0 in mag_C5An.2n	12.474	38.796
LO	Scotian Margin	Mendicodinium robustum	Fensome et al., 2008	1 in nan_n_NN10	8.29	41.696
LO	Northwest Australia compilation	Mendicodinium scabratum	Riding and Helby, 2001a	1 in stage_Toarcian	174.7	-36.473
FO	Northwest Australia compilation	Mendicodinium scabratum	Riding et al., 2010	0 in stage_Toarcian	184.2	-31.87
FO	North Yorkshire	Mendicodinium spinosum	Bucefalo Palliani and Riding, 2000	0 in amm_b_Uptonia jamesoni	192.9	41.037
LO	Quercy	Mendicodinium spinosum	Bucefalo Palliani and Riding, 1997b	0.25 in amm_b_Leioceras opalinum	174.2	32.823
FO	Quercy	Mendicodinium spinosum	Bucefalo Palliani and Riding, 1997b	0.5 in amm_b_Pleuroceras spinatum	184.9	35.576
FO	Central Italy	Mendicodinium spinosum	Bucefalo Palliani and Riding, 2003	0 in amm_b_Uptonia jamesoni	192.9	27.009
FO	Hungary synthesis	Mendicodinium spinosum	Bucefalo Palliani and Riding, 2003	0 in amm_b_Uptonia jamesoni	192.9	32.996
FO	Portugal	Mendicodinium spinosum	Bucefalo Palliani and Riding, 2003	0 in amm_b_Uptonia jamesoni	192.9	29.619
FO	southern France	Mendicodinium spinosum	Bucefalo Palliani and Riding, 2003	0 in amm_b_Uptonia jamesoni	192.9	34.813
FO	Greece	Mendicodinium spinosum	Bucefalo Palliani and Riding, 2003	0 in amm_b_Uptonia jamesoni	192.9	35.691
FO	Central Italy	Mendicodinium spinosum ssp. perforatum	Bucefalo Palliani et al., 1997a	0 in stage_Toarcian	184.2	28.982
LO	Central Italy	Mendicodinium spinosum ssp. perforatum	Bucefalo Palliani et al., 1997a	1 in stage_Toarcian	174.7	26.602
LO	Quercy	Mendicodinium umbriense	Bucefalo Palliani and Riding, 1997b	1 in amm_b_Pleuroceras spinatum	184.2	35.611
FO	Quercy	Mendicodinium umbriense	Bucefalo Palliani and Riding, 1997b	0.5 in amm_b_Pleuroceras spinatum	184.9	35.576
LO	Central Italy	Mendicodinium umbriense	Bucefalo Palliani and Riding, 2003	1 in amm_t_Harpoceras serpentinum	181.17	28.831
FO	Central Italy	Mendicodinium umbriense	Bucefalo Palliani and Riding, 2003	0 in amm_b_Uptonia jamesoni	192.9	27.009
LO	Hungary synthesis	Mendicodinium umbriense	Bucefalo Palliani and Riding, 2003	1 in amm_t_Harpoceras serpentinum	181.17	34.33
FO	Hungary synthesis	Mendicodinium umbriense	Bucefalo Palliani and Riding, 2003	0 in amm_b_Uptonia jamesoni	192.9	32.996
LO	Portugal	Mendicodinium umbriense	Bucefalo Palliani and Riding, 2003	1 in amm_t_Harpoceras serpentinum	181.17	31.953
FO	Portugal	Mendicodinium umbriense	Bucefalo Palliani and Riding, 2003	0 in amm_b_Uptonia jamesoni	192.9	29.619
LO	southern France	Mendicodinium umbriense	Bucefalo Palliani and Riding, 2003	1 in amm_t_Harpoceras serpentinum	181.17	36.221
FO	southern France	Mendicodinium umbriense	Bucefalo Palliani and Riding, 2003	0 in amm_b_Uptonia jamesoni	192.9	34.813
LO	Greece	Mendicodinium umbriense	Bucefalo Palliani and Riding, 2003	1 in amm_t_Harpoceras serpentinum	181.17	37.469
FO	Greece	Mendicodinium umbriense	Bucefalo Palliani and Riding, 2003	0 in amm_b_Uptonia jamesoni	192.9	35.691