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Saturnodinium
From Williams et al., 2017:
[Saturnodinium, Brinkhuis et al., 1992, p. 242, 244
Type species: Saturnodinium perforatum, Brinkhuis et al., 1992 (pl.7, fig.1)]
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Original description: [Brinkhuis et al., 1992]:
Diagnosis:
Camocavate or "cingulocavate" dinoflagellate cysts, compressed apically-anatapically (i.e. equatorially). The pericyst is subcircular in outline and is composed of a thin periphragm which has a smooth to shagreenate surface ornament. The periphragm is either entire or perforate and may exhibit faint parasutural markings. Similarly, the endocyst is subcircular in outline and possesses a smooth-walled endophragm. Both the shape of the pericyst and the endocyst may be modified by folding. The phragma are always appressed on the apical and antapical surfaces; they may also be in contact dorsally (camocavate), or they may be widely separate elsewhere ("cingulocavate"). The resulting pericoel is usually large.
The archeopyle is precingular, type P, with a free operculum.
The only other definite indication of paratabulation is the paracingulum which is preserved around the periphery of the cyst. It is characterized either by two parallel continuous strands, which form a distinctly grooved depression, or by linear groupings of short spines, which may be single or in epicystal-hypocystal pairs. The parasulcus is not well expressed.
Affinities:
The new genus Saturnodinium differs from the genera Thalassiphora Eisenack and Gocht, 1960; emend. Benedek and Gocht, 1981, Lophocysta Manum, 1979 and Invertocysta Edwards, 1984 in displaying polar, rather than dorsal-ventral, compression.
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Notes:
G.L. Williams short notes on species, Mesozoic-Cenozoic dinocyst course, Urbino, Italy, May 17-22, 1999 - LPP VIEWER CD-ROM 99.5.
Saturnodinium Brinkhuis et al., 1992.
Diagnosis from Brinkhuis et al. (1992, p.242,244). Camocavate or "cingulocavate" dinoflagellate cysts, compressed apically-antapically (i.e. equatorially). The pericyst is subcircular in outline and is composed of a thin periphragm which has a smooth to shagreenate surface ornament. The periphragm is either entire or perforate and may exhibit faint parasutural markings. Similarly, the endocyst is subcircular in outline and possesses a smooth-walled endophragm. Both the shape of the pericyst and the endocyst may be modified by folding. The phragma are always appressed on the apical and antapical surfaces; they may also be in contact dorsally (camocavate) or they may be widely separate ("cingulocavate"). The resulting pericoel is usually large. The archeopyle is precingular, type P, with a free operculum. The only other definite indication of paratabulation is the paracingulum which is preserved around the periphery of the cyst. It is characterized either by two parallel continuous strands, which form a distinctly grooved depression, or by linear groupings of short spines, which may be single or in epicystal-hypocystal pairs. The parasulcus is not well expressed. Saturnodinium differs from Thalassiphora , Lophocysta and Invertocysta in being compressed apically-antapically rather than dorso-ventrally.
[Saturnodinium, Brinkhuis et al., 1992, p. 242, 244
Type species: Saturnodinium perforatum, Brinkhuis et al., 1992 (pl.7, fig.1)]
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Original description: [Brinkhuis et al., 1992]:
Diagnosis:
Camocavate or "cingulocavate" dinoflagellate cysts, compressed apically-anatapically (i.e. equatorially). The pericyst is subcircular in outline and is composed of a thin periphragm which has a smooth to shagreenate surface ornament. The periphragm is either entire or perforate and may exhibit faint parasutural markings. Similarly, the endocyst is subcircular in outline and possesses a smooth-walled endophragm. Both the shape of the pericyst and the endocyst may be modified by folding. The phragma are always appressed on the apical and antapical surfaces; they may also be in contact dorsally (camocavate), or they may be widely separate elsewhere ("cingulocavate"). The resulting pericoel is usually large.
The archeopyle is precingular, type P, with a free operculum.
The only other definite indication of paratabulation is the paracingulum which is preserved around the periphery of the cyst. It is characterized either by two parallel continuous strands, which form a distinctly grooved depression, or by linear groupings of short spines, which may be single or in epicystal-hypocystal pairs. The parasulcus is not well expressed.
Affinities:
The new genus Saturnodinium differs from the genera Thalassiphora Eisenack and Gocht, 1960; emend. Benedek and Gocht, 1981, Lophocysta Manum, 1979 and Invertocysta Edwards, 1984 in displaying polar, rather than dorsal-ventral, compression.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Notes:
G.L. Williams short notes on species, Mesozoic-Cenozoic dinocyst course, Urbino, Italy, May 17-22, 1999 - LPP VIEWER CD-ROM 99.5.
Saturnodinium Brinkhuis et al., 1992.
Diagnosis from Brinkhuis et al. (1992, p.242,244). Camocavate or "cingulocavate" dinoflagellate cysts, compressed apically-antapically (i.e. equatorially). The pericyst is subcircular in outline and is composed of a thin periphragm which has a smooth to shagreenate surface ornament. The periphragm is either entire or perforate and may exhibit faint parasutural markings. Similarly, the endocyst is subcircular in outline and possesses a smooth-walled endophragm. Both the shape of the pericyst and the endocyst may be modified by folding. The phragma are always appressed on the apical and antapical surfaces; they may also be in contact dorsally (camocavate) or they may be widely separate ("cingulocavate"). The resulting pericoel is usually large. The archeopyle is precingular, type P, with a free operculum. The only other definite indication of paratabulation is the paracingulum which is preserved around the periphery of the cyst. It is characterized either by two parallel continuous strands, which form a distinctly grooved depression, or by linear groupings of short spines, which may be single or in epicystal-hypocystal pairs. The parasulcus is not well expressed. Saturnodinium differs from Thalassiphora , Lophocysta and Invertocysta in being compressed apically-antapically rather than dorso-ventrally.