Back
Palaeocystodinium
From Fensome et al., 2019:
Palaeocystodinium, Alberti, 1961, p.20.
Emendation: Fensome et al. 2009, p.48.
Taxonomic senior synonym: Svalbardella, according to Lindgren (1984, p.186) -- however, Wrenn and Hart (1988, p.361–362) retained Palaeocystodinium. Taxonomic junior synonym: Cystodiniopsis Vozzhennikova, 1963, by implication in Vozzhennikova (1967, p.152), who transferred the "type species" of Cystodiniopsis Vozzhennikova, 1963, Cystodiniopsis hyperxantha, to Palaeocystodinium.
Type: Alberti, 1961, pl.7, fig.12, as Palaeocystodinium golzowense.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Original description: [Alberti, 1961]: (Translation: Stover and Evitt, 1978, p. 115):
Description:
Body fusiform, more or less flattened dorsoventrally. With hornlike processes at both ends; these taper towards their free ends. With a rounded-trapezoidal pylome below the apex. Always with a roundish to ellipsoidal inner body closely appressed against the outer shell.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Modified description:
Stover and Evitt, 1978, p 115:
Synopsis:
Cysts proximate, cornucavate or circumcavate, elongate ellipsoidal, with single slender pointed apical and antapical horns at each pole; paratabulation indicated by archaeopyle only; archaeopyle intercalary, Type I; archaeopyle index generally <0.5.
Description:
Shape: elongate ellipsoidal; apical and antapical horns pointed and generally significantly narrower than part of cyst containing the endocyst.
Wall relationships: cysts cornucavate or circumcavate; endocyst subspherical to elongate ellipsoidal.
Wall features: No parasutural features. Periphragm smooth to faintly ornamented; scattered spinulae or granulae may be anywhere on periphragm, but tend to be found most frequently at or near ends of horns. Antapical horn may have short lateral spur.
Paratabulation: Indicated by archaeopyle only.
Archaeopyle: Intercalary, Type I (2a only); height greater than width; archaeopyle index generally <0.5; operculum free.
Paracingulum: Generally not indicated.
Parasulcus: Not indicated.
Size: Large.
Affinities:
Palaeocystodinium differs from Svalbardella in having slender pointed apical and antapical horns and in lacking indications of paratabulation other than the archaeopyle.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Notes:
G.L. Williams short notes on species, Mesozoic-Cenozoic dinocyst course, Urbino, Italy, May 17-22, 1999 - LPP VIEWER CD-ROM 99.5.
Palaeocystodinium Alberti, 1961. Synopsis from Stover and Evitt (1978, p.115). Cysts proximate, cornucavate or circumcavate, elongate ellipsoidal, with single slender pointed apical and antapical horns at each pole; paratabulation indicated by archeopyle only; archeopyle intercalary, type I; archeopyle index generally <5.
Palaeocystodinium, Alberti, 1961, p.20.
Emendation: Fensome et al. 2009, p.48.
Taxonomic senior synonym: Svalbardella, according to Lindgren (1984, p.186) -- however, Wrenn and Hart (1988, p.361–362) retained Palaeocystodinium. Taxonomic junior synonym: Cystodiniopsis Vozzhennikova, 1963, by implication in Vozzhennikova (1967, p.152), who transferred the "type species" of Cystodiniopsis Vozzhennikova, 1963, Cystodiniopsis hyperxantha, to Palaeocystodinium.
Type: Alberti, 1961, pl.7, fig.12, as Palaeocystodinium golzowense.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Original description: [Alberti, 1961]: (Translation: Stover and Evitt, 1978, p. 115):
Description:
Body fusiform, more or less flattened dorsoventrally. With hornlike processes at both ends; these taper towards their free ends. With a rounded-trapezoidal pylome below the apex. Always with a roundish to ellipsoidal inner body closely appressed against the outer shell.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Modified description:
Stover and Evitt, 1978, p 115:
Synopsis:
Cysts proximate, cornucavate or circumcavate, elongate ellipsoidal, with single slender pointed apical and antapical horns at each pole; paratabulation indicated by archaeopyle only; archaeopyle intercalary, Type I; archaeopyle index generally <0.5.
Description:
Shape: elongate ellipsoidal; apical and antapical horns pointed and generally significantly narrower than part of cyst containing the endocyst.
Wall relationships: cysts cornucavate or circumcavate; endocyst subspherical to elongate ellipsoidal.
Wall features: No parasutural features. Periphragm smooth to faintly ornamented; scattered spinulae or granulae may be anywhere on periphragm, but tend to be found most frequently at or near ends of horns. Antapical horn may have short lateral spur.
Paratabulation: Indicated by archaeopyle only.
Archaeopyle: Intercalary, Type I (2a only); height greater than width; archaeopyle index generally <0.5; operculum free.
Paracingulum: Generally not indicated.
Parasulcus: Not indicated.
Size: Large.
Affinities:
Palaeocystodinium differs from Svalbardella in having slender pointed apical and antapical horns and in lacking indications of paratabulation other than the archaeopyle.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Notes:
G.L. Williams short notes on species, Mesozoic-Cenozoic dinocyst course, Urbino, Italy, May 17-22, 1999 - LPP VIEWER CD-ROM 99.5.
Palaeocystodinium Alberti, 1961. Synopsis from Stover and Evitt (1978, p.115). Cysts proximate, cornucavate or circumcavate, elongate ellipsoidal, with single slender pointed apical and antapical horns at each pole; paratabulation indicated by archeopyle only; archeopyle intercalary, type I; archeopyle index generally <5.