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Necrobroomea
From Fensome et al., 2019:
"Necrobroomea", Wiggins, 1975, p.111.
Emendation: Below, 1990, p.52.
Taxonomic senior synonym: Batioladinium, according to Brideaux (1977, p.10).
Taxonomic senior synonym: Imbatodinium, according to Dörhöfer and Davies (1980, p.36–37) -- however, Lentin and Williams (1985, p.249) retained Necrobroomea as a taxonomic junior synonym of Batioladinium. With respect to the synonymy of Necrobroomea and Batioladinium,
Below (1990, p.52) considered Necrobroomea to be the senior name.
Taxonomic junior synonym: Aprobolocysta, according to Below (1990, p.52) -- however, Lentin and Williams (1993, p.31) retained Aprobolocysta. Fensome et al. (1993b, p.78) gave the following statement: "Below (1990, p.52) listed Batioladinium Brideaux 1975 as a taxonomic junior synonym of Necrobroomea Wiggins 1975 rather than the reverse, as is customarily the case. Below stated that '... the genus Necrobroomea Wiggins (publication date 25 April 1975 in Geoscience and Man, volume 11) has priority over Batioladinium Brideaux 1975 (publication date 15 June 1975 in the Canadian Journal of Botany, volume 53(12)!' [translation]. However, Below was clearly unaware that Brideaux (1977, p.10) stated that 'Necrobroomea Wiggins, 1975 appeared in Geoscience and Man, v.11, the date of publication being given as April 25th, 1975. However, in a letter to the writer, acting editor, Ruth B. Hubert, established that no copies of this volume were available to the public before July 23rd, 1975, and that there was no prior distribution of the volume.' On the basis of this evidence and the observation that the Canadian Journal of Botany, v.53, no.12 did appear in June 1975 (W.W. Brideaux, personal communication to R.A.F.), Necrobroomea must be considered junior to
Batioladinium if these two taxa are considered congeneric."
Type: Alberti, 1961, pl.5, fig.19, as Broomea? longicornuta.
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Original description: [Wiggins, 1975]:
Diagnosis:
Proximate fossil cyst, ambitus ovoidal to elongate ovoidal, with one apical and two antapical horns. Cyst wall single layered. Archaeopyle apical, and archaeopyle suture irregular, closer to the apex dorsally, and expressing a distinct sulcal notch ventrally. operculum simple and free. Cyst wall ornamentation variable.
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Emendation:
Below, 1990: (Translation: LPP):
For species with an appearance similar of Necrobroomea Wiggins 1975, emend. Below 1990, the following genera have been erected in literature:
- Imbatodinim Vozzhennikova 1967, emend. Dörhöfer and Davies 1980
- Necrobroomea Wiggins 1975
- Batioladinium Brideaux 1975
- Aprobolocysta Duxbury 1977, emend. Duxbury 1980
Necrobroomea (publ. 25-4-1975) has priority over Batioladinium (publ. 15-6-1975).
The position of Imbatodinium has been unclear. Vozzhennikova 1967 describes for Imbatodinium, with type-species I.kondratjevii, an apical archaeopyle. Wiggins 1975, Lentin & Williams 1977 and Stover & Evitt 1978 agree that, from the original photomicrograph, Imbatoinium has an intercalary archaeopyle, and is a synonym of Pareodinia efl. 1947. Davey 1982 argues that I.kondratjevii has a distinct paracingulum, contrary to Pareodinia, and that the archaeopyle is subject to discussion. Dörhöfer and Davies 1980 emended Imbatodinium and assigned it a 4A2I archaeopyle, and synonymized it with both Batioladinium and Necrobroomea. Below`s 1990 material shows that I.kondratjevii and Pareodinia have an intercalary archaeopyle: 1a[s]+2a[s].
Below`s 1990 conclusions:
- Necrobroomea with its apical archaeopyle is valid
- Necrobroomea has priority over Batioladinium (jr. synonym)
- Necrobroomea is synonymous to Aprobolocysta, being a cavate form of Necrobroomea
- Necrobroomea is synonymus to Mehrota and Sarjeant`s 1984 emendation of Imbatodinium, which disregards the holotype of I.kondratjevii (discussion in Lentin and Williams 1985).
"Necrobroomea", Wiggins, 1975, p.111.
Emendation: Below, 1990, p.52.
Taxonomic senior synonym: Batioladinium, according to Brideaux (1977, p.10).
Taxonomic senior synonym: Imbatodinium, according to Dörhöfer and Davies (1980, p.36–37) -- however, Lentin and Williams (1985, p.249) retained Necrobroomea as a taxonomic junior synonym of Batioladinium. With respect to the synonymy of Necrobroomea and Batioladinium,
Below (1990, p.52) considered Necrobroomea to be the senior name.
Taxonomic junior synonym: Aprobolocysta, according to Below (1990, p.52) -- however, Lentin and Williams (1993, p.31) retained Aprobolocysta. Fensome et al. (1993b, p.78) gave the following statement: "Below (1990, p.52) listed Batioladinium Brideaux 1975 as a taxonomic junior synonym of Necrobroomea Wiggins 1975 rather than the reverse, as is customarily the case. Below stated that '... the genus Necrobroomea Wiggins (publication date 25 April 1975 in Geoscience and Man, volume 11) has priority over Batioladinium Brideaux 1975 (publication date 15 June 1975 in the Canadian Journal of Botany, volume 53(12)!' [translation]. However, Below was clearly unaware that Brideaux (1977, p.10) stated that 'Necrobroomea Wiggins, 1975 appeared in Geoscience and Man, v.11, the date of publication being given as April 25th, 1975. However, in a letter to the writer, acting editor, Ruth B. Hubert, established that no copies of this volume were available to the public before July 23rd, 1975, and that there was no prior distribution of the volume.' On the basis of this evidence and the observation that the Canadian Journal of Botany, v.53, no.12 did appear in June 1975 (W.W. Brideaux, personal communication to R.A.F.), Necrobroomea must be considered junior to
Batioladinium if these two taxa are considered congeneric."
Type: Alberti, 1961, pl.5, fig.19, as Broomea? longicornuta.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Original description: [Wiggins, 1975]:
Diagnosis:
Proximate fossil cyst, ambitus ovoidal to elongate ovoidal, with one apical and two antapical horns. Cyst wall single layered. Archaeopyle apical, and archaeopyle suture irregular, closer to the apex dorsally, and expressing a distinct sulcal notch ventrally. operculum simple and free. Cyst wall ornamentation variable.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Emendation:
Below, 1990: (Translation: LPP):
For species with an appearance similar of Necrobroomea Wiggins 1975, emend. Below 1990, the following genera have been erected in literature:
- Imbatodinim Vozzhennikova 1967, emend. Dörhöfer and Davies 1980
- Necrobroomea Wiggins 1975
- Batioladinium Brideaux 1975
- Aprobolocysta Duxbury 1977, emend. Duxbury 1980
Necrobroomea (publ. 25-4-1975) has priority over Batioladinium (publ. 15-6-1975).
The position of Imbatodinium has been unclear. Vozzhennikova 1967 describes for Imbatodinium, with type-species I.kondratjevii, an apical archaeopyle. Wiggins 1975, Lentin & Williams 1977 and Stover & Evitt 1978 agree that, from the original photomicrograph, Imbatoinium has an intercalary archaeopyle, and is a synonym of Pareodinia efl. 1947. Davey 1982 argues that I.kondratjevii has a distinct paracingulum, contrary to Pareodinia, and that the archaeopyle is subject to discussion. Dörhöfer and Davies 1980 emended Imbatodinium and assigned it a 4A2I archaeopyle, and synonymized it with both Batioladinium and Necrobroomea. Below`s 1990 material shows that I.kondratjevii and Pareodinia have an intercalary archaeopyle: 1a[s]+2a[s].
Below`s 1990 conclusions:
- Necrobroomea with its apical archaeopyle is valid
- Necrobroomea has priority over Batioladinium (jr. synonym)
- Necrobroomea is synonymous to Aprobolocysta, being a cavate form of Necrobroomea
- Necrobroomea is synonymus to Mehrota and Sarjeant`s 1984 emendation of Imbatodinium, which disregards the holotype of I.kondratjevii (discussion in Lentin and Williams 1985).